رده بندی / Names
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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Ehiravidae (River sprats)
Etymology: Clupeonella: Latin, clupea = sardine, derived from Clupeus = shield; diminutive (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Borodin.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
; لب شور سطح زی; تغييرات عمق 0 - 78 m (Ref. 188). Temperate; 44°N - 35°N, 46°E - 54°E (Ref. 188)
Former USSR and Asia: central and southern parts of the Caspian Sea.
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 16.5 cm SL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 593); common length : 12.0 cm SL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 188); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 26.00 g (Ref. 593)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 0; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 13 - 21; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 12 - 23. Body slender; head short and wide; belly rounded, with 23 to 31 scutes. Pectoral fin tips rounded. Last 2 anal fin rays enlarged; Pterotic bulla absent. No notch at the center of the upper jaw. Females slightly larger than males.
Occurs mainly in the open sea, occasionally approaching the shore and sometimes forming large schools. Rises to the surface in the spring months, but descending to as much as 78 m in late summer (apparently rising again in October-November, but descending once more in winter). Breeds intermittently from end of April to November, mainly in July, in the open sea.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00501 (0.00239 - 0.01051), b=2.97 (2.78 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (Fec=9,986-53,430).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 25.1 [0.9, 263.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.361 [0.025, 4.277] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [15.7, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.771 [0.268, 2.210] g/100g; Selenium = 3.37 [0.24, 44.43] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22.8 [2.9, 169.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.607 [0.055, 6.821] mg/100g (wet weight);
