分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Pagellus: Diminutive of Latin, pager, derived from Greek, pagros = a fish, Dentex sp. (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 底中水层性; 深度上下限 150 - 700 m (Ref. 56504), usually 150 - 300 m (Ref. 35388). 溫帶; 65°N - 20°N, 32°W - 37°E
Eastern Atlantic: Norway, Strait of Gibraltar to Cape Blanc in Mauritania, Madeira, Canary Islands, and western Mediterranean (rare beyond the Sicilian Strait). Reported from Iceland (Ref. 12462).
東大西洋: 挪威, 在茅利塔尼亞，馬得拉群島，加納利群島與地中海西部的布朗角的直布羅陀海峽.(稀有的超過西西里人的海峽) 記錄來自冰島了。 (參考文獻 12462)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 31.4 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4781); common length : 30.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4781); 最大体重: 4.0 kg (Ref. 9987); 最大年龄: 15 年 (Ref. 4645)
背棘 (总数) : 12 - 13; 背的软条 (总数) : 11 - 13; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 11 - 12. Black spot above the pectoral fin base. Snout shorter than the eye diameter (Ref. 35388).
在胸鳍基底上面的黑色斑点。 吻短于眼直径.(参考文献 35388)
Inshore waters above various types of bottom (rocks, sand, mud) to 400 m (Mediterranean) and 700 m (Atlantic); young near the coast, adults on the continental slope specially over muddy bottoms. Omnivorous, but feed mainly on crustaceans, mollusks, worms and small fish. Protandric hermaphrodites, become females at 20-30 cm length. Adults move towards the coast up to the edge of the continental shelf to spawn from January to June (Ref. 3688). Important foodfish. Marketed fresh and frozen; consumed pan-fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9987).
对 400 公尺 (地中海) 与 700 公尺 (大西洋) 的在各种不同类型的底部 (岩石，沙子, 泥) 上面的近岸水域; 在海岸附近的幼鱼, 特别地成鱼在大陆斜坡上在泥沙底上面。 杂食性, 但是主要捕食甲壳动物，软件动物，蠕虫与小鱼。 雄蕊先熟的雌雄同体,变成雌性在 20-30 公分长度。 当对于海岸的成鱼移动向上到的时候从一月到六月产卵大陆架的边缘。 (参考文献 3688) 重要的食用鱼。 在市场上销售生鲜和冷冻; 消费油锅炸的, 火烤的与烧烤。 (参考文献 9987)
Protandric hermaphrodite species (male during its first sexual maturity). Becomes female between 2 and 7 years of age. Spawns from January to June, depending on latitude. Egg size 1.19 mm, larval length at hatching 3.7 mm. Simultaneous hermaphroditism is also suggested for this species (Ref. 103751).東大西洋: 挪威, 在茅利塔尼亞，馬得拉群島，加納利群島與地中海西部的布朗角的直布羅陀海峽.(稀有的超過西西里人的海峽) 記錄來自冰島了。 (參考文獻 12462)
Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 6.9 - 14.9, mean 11.2 °C (based on 160 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00968 - 0.01242), b=3.03 (3.00 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 8.5 (6.5 - 9.3) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 15
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.09-0.1; tmax=15; tm=4-5; Fec=70,000).
Prior r = 0.51, 95% CL = 0.34 - 0.77, Based on 4 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (64 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (45 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 41.2 [17.9, 69.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.167 [0.103, 0.268] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [18.2, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.742 [0.486, 1.122] g/100g; Selenium = 47.9 [24.1, 97.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.4 [2.1, 53.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.275 [0.208, 0.378] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
