分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
鯛科 (Porgies)
Etymology: Pagellus: Diminutive of Latin, pager, derived from Greek, pagros = a fish, Dentex sp. (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 底中水層性; 深度上下限 150 - 700 m (Ref. 56504), usually 150 - 300 m (Ref. 35388). 溫帶; 65°N - 20°N, 32°W - 37°E
Eastern Atlantic: Norway, Strait of Gibraltar to Cape Blanc in Mauritania, Madeira, Canary Islands, and western Mediterranean (rare beyond the Sicilian Strait). Reported from Iceland (Ref. 12462).
東大西洋: 挪威, 在茅利塔尼亞，馬得拉群島，加納利群島與地中海西部的布朗角的直布羅陀海峽.(稀有的超過西西里人的海峽) 記錄來自冰島了。 (參考文獻 12462)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 31.4 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4781); common length : 30.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4781); 最大體重: 4.0 kg (Ref. 9987); 最大年齡: 15 年 (Ref. 4645)
背棘 (總數) : 12 - 13; 背的軟條 (總數) : 11 - 13; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 11 - 12. Black spot above the pectoral fin base. Snout shorter than the eye diameter (Ref. 35388).
在胸鰭基底上面的黑色斑點。 吻短於眼直徑.(參考文獻 35388)
Inshore waters above various types of bottom (rocks, sand, mud) to 400 m (Mediterranean) and 700 m (Atlantic); young near the coast, adults on the continental slope specially over muddy bottoms. Omnivorous, but feed mainly on crustaceans, mollusks, worms and small fish. Protandric hermaphrodites, become females at 20-30 cm length. Adults move towards the coast up to the edge of the continental shelf to spawn from January to June (Ref. 3688). Important foodfish. Marketed fresh and frozen; consumed pan-fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9987).
對 400 公尺 (地中海) 與 700 公尺 (大西洋) 的在各種不同類型的底部 (岩石，沙子, 泥) 上面的近岸水域; 在海岸附近的幼魚, 特別地成魚在大陸斜坡上在泥沙底上面。 雜食性, 但是主要捕食甲殼動物，軟體動物，蠕蟲與小魚。 雄性先熟的雌雄同體,變成雌性在 20-30 公分長度。 當對於海岸的成魚移動向上到的時候從一月到六月產卵大陸棚的邊緣。 (參考文獻 3688) 重要的食用魚。 在市場上銷售生鮮和冷凍; 消費油鍋炸的, 火烤的與燒烤。 (參考文獻 9987)
Protandric hermaphrodite species (male during its first sexual maturity). Becomes female between 2 and 7 years of age. Spawns from January to June, depending on latitude. Egg size 1.19 mm, larval length at hatching 3.7 mm. Simultaneous hermaphroditism is also suggested for this species (Ref. 103751).東大西洋: 挪威, 在茅利塔尼亞，馬得拉群島，加納利群島與地中海西部的布朗角的直布羅陀海峽.(稀有的超過西西里人的海峽) 記錄來自冰島了。 (參考文獻 12462)
Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 6.9 - 14.9, mean 11.2 °C (based on 160 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00968 - 0.01242), b=3.03 (3.00 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 8.5 (6.5 - 9.3) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 15
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.09-0.1; tmax=15; tm=4-5; Fec=70,000).
Prior r = 0.51, 95% CL = 0.34 - 0.77, Based on 4 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (64 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (45 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 41.2 [17.9, 69.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.167 [0.103, 0.268] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [18.2, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.742 [0.486, 1.122] g/100g; Selenium = 47.9 [24.1, 97.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.4 [2.1, 53.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.275 [0.208, 0.378] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
