分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Roncador: Spanish, roncar, roncador = snore, snort (1882) (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Steindachner.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 1 - 22 m (Ref. 96339). 亞熱帶的; 42°N - 22°N, 125°W - 106°W
Eastern Pacific: Point Conception in California, USA to southern Baja California, Mexico.
東太平洋: 到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞南部的美國加州的 Point Conception。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9118); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9118); 最大体重: 4.8 kg (Ref. 2850); 最大年龄: 15 年 (Ref. 56049)
Occur in sandy shores and bays, mostly in shallow surf zones, but also to 15 m depth. Often found near rocks and entrances to bays. Usually form small groups, but aggregate for spawning. Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049). Feed on invertebrates, such as marine worms, clams, crabs and small crustaceans.
出现在沙的海岸与海湾, 大部份在水浅的海浪区中, 也对 15 公尺深。 时常在岩石与通往海湾的入口附近发现。 通常形成小群鱼群，但是聚集进行产卵。 大洋性产卵鱼.(参考文献 56049) 捕食无脊椎动物，例如海洋的蠕虫，蛤，螃蟹与小型甲壳动物。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).東太平洋: 到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞南部的美國加州的 Point Conception。
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.9 - 19.5, mean 17.8 °C (based on 20 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00413 - 0.01752), b=3.08 (2.91 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.44 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=2.5; tmax=15).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 69.6 [38.7, 139.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.979 [0.496, 1.744] mg/100g; Protein = 19.6 [18.5, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.261 [0.142, 0.434] g/100g; Selenium = 23.6 [12.6, 48.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.3 [3.0, 31.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.726 [0.527, 1.061] mg/100g (wet weight);
