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> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Roncador: Spanish, roncar, roncador = snore, snort (1882) (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Steindachner.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range पारिस्थितिकी

समुद्री ड़िमरसल; गहराई सीमा 1 - 22 m (Ref. 96339). Subtropical; 42°N - 22°N, 125°W - 106°W

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Eastern Pacific: Point Conception in California, USA to southern Baja California, Mexico.

आकार / वज़न / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 9118); common length : 30.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 9118); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 4.8 kg (Ref. 2850); अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 15 वर्षो (Ref. 56049)

Occur in sandy shores and bays, mostly in shallow surf zones, but also to 15 m depth. Often found near rocks and entrances to bays. Usually form small groups, but aggregate for spawning. Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049). Feed on invertebrates, such as marine worms, clams, crabs and small crustaceans.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा

Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).

Main reference Upload your references | संदर्भ | संयोजक | सहयोगीयो

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 24 January 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

मात्स्यिकी: व्यापारिक; आखेट मत्स्य: हां

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इंटरनेट स्रोत

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 15.9 - 19.5, mean 17.8 °C (based on 20 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00413 - 0.01752), b=3.08 (2.91 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.3 ±0.44 se; based on food items.

Generation time: 3.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.

लौटाव (Ref. 120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (tm=2.5; tmax=15).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 69.6 [38.7, 139.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.979 [0.496, 1.744] mg/100g; Protein = 19.6 [18.5, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.261 [0.142, 0.434] g/100g; Selenium = 23.6 [12.6, 48.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.3 [3.0, 31.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.726 [0.527, 1.061] mg/100g (wet weight);

Roncador stearnsii (Steindachner, 1876)