分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Haemulon: Greek, haimaleos = bloody (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Gill.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类. 熱帶; 38°N - 4°N
Eastern Pacific: Baja California, Mexico to Colombia.
東太平洋: 墨西哥的下加利福尼亞到哥倫比亞。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9114); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9114); 最大体重: 557.00 g (Ref. 40926)
Body oblong, compressed, and deep (depth contained 2.2 to 2.7 times in standard length); mouth large and terminal, its posterior end located at the same level as the anterior edge of the pupil; first gill arch with 22 to 39 gill rakers; dorsal fin notched, with 12 to 14 spines and 14 to 17 soft rays (XII-XIV, 14-17); second anal spine slightly longer and stronger than third; scale series above lateral line is parallel to it; body dark brown; each scale bearing a pearly blue spot, the spots appearing to form lines following the scale series; fins yellowish; caudal peduncle with a large spot (Ref. 55763).
身体长方形﹐扁长形的﹐和且深;(深度包含了 2.2 到 2.7 倍标准的长度) 嘴大且端位, 后端位于了那高度与瞳孔的前缘相同; 第一个鳃弓有 22 到 39个鳃耙; 背鳍凹槽, 藉由 12 到 14根棘与 14 到 17个软鳍条;(12 XIV 的, 14-17) 第二臀鳍棘些微地更长与更强壮超过第三; 鳞片系列在侧线上面是平行于它; 身体深褐色的; 每个鳞片生长着似乎在鳞片系列之后形成线的一个浅蓝灰色蓝色的斑点，斑点; 鳍淡黄色的; 尾梗有一个大的斑点。 (参考文献 55763)
Found in schools around coastal reefs during the day, dispersing over sandy bottoms at night (Ref. 9114). Marketed fresh (Ref. 9114).
成群出现岸礁的周围在白天期间, 分散沙质底部之上在晚上.(参考文献 9114) 在市场上销售生鲜地了。 (参考文献 9114)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).東太平洋: 墨西哥的下加利福尼亞到哥倫比亞。
McKay, R.J. and M. Schneider, 1995. Haemulidae. Burros, corocoros, chulas, gallinazos, roncos. p. 1136-1173. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9114)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.3 - 29.1, mean 27.9 °C (based on 178 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.00793 - 0.02517), b=3.03 (2.88 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.73 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 9.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.12).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 34.9 [14.9, 72.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.54 [0.26, 1.05] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [16.7, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.106 [0.049, 0.202] g/100g; Selenium = 27 [13, 57] μg/100g; VitaminA = 153 [39, 572] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.975 [0.604, 1.500] mg/100g (wet weight);
