This website uses cookies to enhance your browsing experience and ensure the functionality of our site. For more detailed information about the types of cookies we use and how we protect your privacy, please visit our Privacy Information page.
×
Cookie Settings
This website uses different types of cookies to enhance your experience. Please select your preferences below:
> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Soleidae (Soles)
Etymology: Pardachirus:Greek, pardias, -ou = a fish similar to grey mullet + Greek, cheir = hand (Ref. 45335). More on author: Lacepède.
البيئة: الوسط / المنطقة المناخية / نطاق العمق / نطاق التوزيع البيئة
بحري مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 2 - 40 m (Ref. 1602). Tropical; 32°N - 32°S
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 0; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 62 - 73; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 48 - 55. Eyes on right side. Dorsal and anal fins separate from caudal fin; pectoral fins absent; pelvic fins unequal, the right one with an elongated base and attached posteriorly to genital papilla (Ref. 9893). Series of toxic glands along the bases of dorsal- and anal-fin rays, their pores visible (Ref. 9893). Reddish brown, densely spotted on head; body and fins of ocular surface also with spots of various sizes and shapes, bordered by a dark rim and some with a blackish spot on center (Ref. 9893). Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Occurs on sand and mud bottoms of lagoon and seaward reefs (Ref. 1602, 48637). Burries itself in the sand (Ref. 48637). Feeds mainly on benthic invertebrates, especially small crustaceans (Ref. 9893). Extract from sac under the skin is toxic (Ref. 559) and the mucus appears to have shark-repellent qualities.
دورة الحياة وسلوك التزاوج النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | اليرقات
Allen, G.R. and R. Swainston, 1988. The marine fishes of north-western Australia: a field guide for anglers and divers. Western Australian Museum, Perth. 201 p. (Ref. 3132)
حالة القائمة الحمراء للاتحاد الدولي لحفظ الطبيعة والموارد الطبيعية (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
درجة الحرارة المفضلة (مرجع 123201): 24.8 - 29, mean 28.1 °C (based on 986 cells).
مؤشر التنوع الشُعبي الوراثي (مرجع 82804): PD50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00579 - 0.01726), b=3.10 (2.95 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع 69278): 3.1 ±0.26 se; based on food items.
المرونه (مرجع 120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
ضعف الصيد (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100). 🛈
