Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري القاع; نطاق العمق 4 - 137 m (Ref. 9277). Tropical
Eastern Pacific: Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico to Bahía de Sechura, Peru, including the Galapagos Islands.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 17.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 9277)
Inhabits offshore, soft bottom habitats and migrate into shallow reef areas to spawn in late spring and early summer. Mainly nocturnal. Stays buried in the sand or other soft substrate during the day. Rises up the water column at night to feed (Ref. 28023). Neither opercular nor dorsal glands is venomous (Ref. 57406).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Collette, B.B., 1995. Batrachoididae. Peje-sapos, sapos. p. 910-918. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9277)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16.4 - 28.9, mean 23.3 °C (based on 152 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00631 (0.00362 - 0.01099), b=3.20 (3.05 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 213 [107, 428] mg/100g; Iron = 1.26 [0.72, 2.17] mg/100g; Protein = 17.1 [16.0, 18.3] %; Omega3 = 0.234 [0.116, 0.479] g/100g; Selenium = 50 [22, 125] μg/100g; VitaminA = 69.8 [22.0, 220.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.15 [0.78, 1.70] mg/100g (wet weight);
