Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien rifbewoner; diepte 0 - 85 m (Ref. 104785). Tropical; 30°N - 36°S, 19°E - 112°E
Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf (Ref.80050) and Red Sea south to Port Alfred, South Africa and east to Sumatra, Indonesia (Ref. 33390). Atlantic Ocean. Also known in eastern Mediterranean (Ref. 37421).
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 43.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 125962)
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 13; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 9 - 11; Anale stekels: 3; Anale zachte stralen: 6 - 7. Reddish to tan or grey in color, with numerous thin dark bars on body and head; tentacle above eye may be faintly banded (Ref. 4313). Adults have a band of small spines along the cheek and small spots in the median fins (Ref. 48635).
Adults are found in coastal waters in muddy habitats (Ref. 48635). Minimum depth of 0m (Ref. 81209). Fin spines highly venomous, may cause human death (Ref. 30573).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Eschmeyer, W.N., 1986. Scorpaenidae. p. 463-478. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4313)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: commercieel; Aquarium: Commercieel
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.5 - 29.3, mean 27.6 °C (based on 328 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00645 - 0.02141), b=3.02 (2.86 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.80 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 43.4 [22.3, 87.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.586 [0.302, 1.537] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.2, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.218 [0.095, 0.597] g/100g; Selenium = 32.6 [16.5, 83.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 206 [65, 621] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.04 [0.70, 1.50] mg/100g (wet weight);