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Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Citharidae (Citharids)
Etymology: Citharoides: Latin, cithara = lire like instrument + Greek, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Écologie
marin bathydémersal; profondeur 182 - 200 m (Ref. 5321). Deep-water; 2°S - 29°S
Western Indian Ocean: known only Kenya to Natal, South Africa.
Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 5213)
Description synthétique
Clés d'identification | Morphologie | Morphométrie
Épines dorsales (Total) : 0; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total) : 65 - 72; Épines anales: 0; Rayons mous anaux: 45 - 50. Eyed side buff in color with dark spots or blotches on body and dorsal and anal fins; 2 black spots on peduncle at base of last dorsal and anal rays (Ref. 5321).
Found in coastal waters, over sandy and muddy bottoms (Ref. 5213).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves
Nielsen, J.G., 1984. Citharidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing area 51). Vol. 1, FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9612)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Menace pour l'homme
Harmless
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: commercial
Outils
Articles particuliers
Télécharger en XML
Sources Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.8 - 17.6, mean 14.8 °C (based on 4 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6406 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00359 - 0.02015), b=3.06 (2.85 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Niveau trophique (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Résilience (Ref.
120179): Milieu, temps minimum de doublement de population : 1,4 à 4,4 années (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 43.1 [20.8, 87.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.449 [0.204, 0.877] mg/100g; Protein = 17.4 [16.0, 18.9] %; Omega3 = 0.28 [0.12, 0.61] g/100g; Selenium = 11.7 [5.2, 26.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16 [4, 74] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.486 [0.329, 0.714] mg/100g (wet weight);
