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Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) >
Tetraodontidae (Puffers) > Canthigasterinae
Etymology: Canthigaster: Greek, kanthos = the outer or inner corner of the eye, where the lids meet, 1646 + Greek, gaster = stomach (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: François Valentijn (1666–1727) was a Dutch minister and naturalist who spent some time in the Dutch East Indies. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Bleeker.
Окружающая среда: среда / климатическая зона / пределы глубины / диапазон распространения
экология
морской ассоциированный с рифами; немигрирующий (Ref. 52884); пределы глубины 1 - 55 m (Ref. 1602). Tropical; 32°N - 32°S
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea south to Durban, South Africa (Ref. 4919) and east to the Tuamoto Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe Island.
Длина при первой зрелости / Размер / Вес / Возраст
половая зрелость: Lm 4.6, range 4 - 5.4 cm
Max length : 11.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 4919)
Краткое описание
определительные ключи | морфология | морфометрия
колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 0; членистые (мягкие) лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 9; колючие лучи анального плавника: 0; членистые (мягкие) лучи анального плавника: 9. Side with two prominent dark bars extending to belly (Ref. 559).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Adults are found among coral heads and rocks of subtidal lagoon and seaward reefs (Ref. 4919, 5503). Common on coastal reefs at various depths. They mimic filefish, males are territorial and are often seen fighting (Ref. 48637). Food consists primarily of filamentous green and red algae, tunicates, and on smaller amounts of corals, bryozoans, polychaetes, echinoderms, mollusks, and brown and coralline red algae. They form shoals (10-100 or more) often with the filefish, Paraluteres prionurus (about 5% of shoal) mimicking C. valentini to protect it from predators (Ref. 4919, 5503). Territorial and haremic; males spawn with a different female each day (Ref. 9710). One or more territories are occupied and defended each by a female where a single large male stands guard (Ref. 55082). All sexually mature females are territorial females (Ref. 55082). Demersal spawner (Ref. 35298).
Oviparous (Ref. 205). Social and mating systems of this species are based upon female territoriality where polygyny results from males defending females occupying a certain territory (female-defense polygyny) (Ref. 55082). All sexually mature females are territorial females (Ref. 55082). Neither parent guards the eggs which are laid in a nest located in the female's territory (Ref. 46142).
During breeding, territorial females perform the 'caudal flexing with swollen abdomen display' to signal courtship and readiness to spawn. The male acknowledges with no courtship or color displays but rather by visiting the sites frequently. The territorial female then begins pecking at the substrate in preparation for egg laying. The female initiates the spawning event by pressing her abdomen into the prepared site. The territorial male quickly lays his body across her caudal peduncle and both remained in this position for 5-10 sec. The male swims away after leaving the female beating her anal fin rapidly over the nest site to ensure fertilization of the eggs and to push the eggs deep into the algal substrate (Ref. 46142). All territorial males spawn with territorial females, depriving the bachelor males of the chance to copulate which nevertheless don't interfere with the spawning between the territorial male and females (Ref. 46142).
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Угроза для людей
Poisonous to eat (Ref. 4919)
Использование человеком
рыболовство: коммерческий; аквариум: коммерческий
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Оценки, основанные на моделях
Предпочтительная температура (ссылка
123201): 24.6 - 28.9, mean 27.6 °C (based on 846 cells).
Индекс филогенетического разнообразия (ссылка
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03311 (0.01875 - 0.05847), b=2.84 (2.68 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Трофический уровень (ссылка
69278): 2.8 ±0.30 se; based on food items.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (ссылка
120179): средний (среднего размера), минимальное время удвоения популяции 1.4-4.4 года (Fecundity = 400).
Уязвимость рыбной ловли (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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Питательные вещества (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 113 [51, 272] mg/100g; Iron = 1.05 [0.51, 2.51] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [15.7, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.13 [0.06, 0.26] g/100g; Selenium = 39.9 [18.9, 91.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 47.6 [12.6, 189.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.85 [1.19, 2.80] mg/100g (wet weight);