Classification / Names आम नाम | उपशब्द | Catalog of Fishes(वर्ग, प्रजाति) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Scophthalmidae (Turbots)
Etymology: Scophthalmus: Greek, skopelos = a lantern fish + Greek, ophthalmos = eyes (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range पारिस्थितिकी

समुद्री ड़िमरसल; औशिनोड़िरोमस (Ref. 51243); गहराई सीमा 5 - 50 m (Ref. 6302). Temperate; 64°N - 26°N, 24°W - 42°E

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Eastern Atlantic: 68°N to Morocco. Reported from Iceland (Ref. 12462). Also known throughout the Mediterranean and Black Sea.

Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age

Maturity: L_m 37.0, range 33 - 41 cm
Max length : 75.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 35388); common length : 30.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 3397); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 8.0 kg (Ref. 35388); अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 6 वर्षो (Ref. 38118)

Short description पहचान कुंजी | आकृति विज्ञान | मौरफोमैटरिक्स

Thinner and more slender body. Skin with small, smooth scales, without bony tubercle. Able to change color of the eyed side, matching the bottom they rest on. Color is often olive green, with dark and light spots (Ref. 35388).

Lives on sandy or mixed bottoms; feeds on bottom-living fishes and larger crustaceans. Marketed fresh and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा

Main reference Upload your references | संदर्भ | संयोजक | सहयोगीयो

Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3397)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 December 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

मात्स्यिकी: व्यापारिक; आखेट मत्स्य: हां

FAO - Aquaculture systems: production; मात्स्यिकी: landings; Publication: search | FIRMS - Stock assessments | FishSource | Sea Around Us

अधिक जानकारी

Trophic ecology
खाद्य पदार्थ
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
परभक्षी

Ecology
पारिस्थितिकी

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances

Life cycle
पुनरुत्पत्ति
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
लार्वा
लारवल गतिकी

Distribution
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ऐफ ऐ ओ क्षेत्र
Ecosystems
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Anatomy
Gill areas
दिमाग
Otoliths

Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
मत्स्य आवाज़े
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
आनुवंशिकी
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities

Human related
Aquaculture systems
जलीयकृषि रूपरेखाऐ
खींच
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

Outreach
सहयोगीयो

Taxonomy
आम नाम
उपशब्द
आकृति विज्ञान
मौरफोमैटरिक्स
तस्वीरे

References
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साधन

Special reports

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Summary page | Point data | आम नाम | Photos

इंटरनेट स्रोत

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 8.4 - 19.5, mean 11.2 °C (based on 472 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5645 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00894 - 0.01345), b=3.01 (2.95 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.4 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.

Generation time: 4.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.

लौटाव (Ref. 120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (tm=-5; tmax=6).

Prior r = 0.47, 95% CL = 0.31 - 0.70, Based on 5 full stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 37.7 [14.9, 70.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.174 [0.061, 0.770] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.8, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.262 [0.140, 0.491] g/100g; Selenium = 14 [6, 33] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.74 [1.87, 40.75] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.145 [0.082, 0.500] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus, 1758)