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Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Stromateidae (Butterfishes)
Etymology: Peprilus: Greek, peprilos, paprax, certain fish from Tracia.
More on author: Ayres.
Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina bentopelagisk; djupintervall 9 - 91 m (Ref. 2850). Subtropical; 52°N - 23°N, 129°W - 109°W
Northeast Pacific: Queen Charlotte Sound in British Columbia, Canada to southern Baja California Sur and the Gulf of California. Occurrence in Nicaragua needs verification.
Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 28.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 9346)
Kort beskrivning
Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 3; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 45 - 47; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 3; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 39 - 44; Ryggkotor: 29. Brilliantly iridescent, green or blue above, silvery below; dusky on fins (Ref. 6885).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Commonly found on sand bottom of exposed coasts. Usually occurs in shallow water near shore and often forms small, but fairly dense, schools (Ref. 4563).
Livscykel och parningsbeteende
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Hot mot människor
Harmless
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: kommersiell; sportfisk: ja
Verktyg
Särskilda rapporter
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Önskad temperatur (Ref.
123201): 8.3 - 21, mean 10.1 °C (based on 54 cells).
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00663 - 0.02390), b=3.11 (2.95 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.2 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (Assuming tm=1).
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (24 of 100).
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Sårbarhet för klimatet (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
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Näringsämnen (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 74.1 [35.3, 186.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.895 [0.407, 1.915] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [15.9, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.329 [0.174, 0.615] g/100g; Selenium = 32.1 [14.4, 75.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.2 [2.6, 44.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.669 [0.409, 1.104] mg/100g (wet weight);