分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Notothenioidei (Icefishes) >
Channichthyidae (Crocodile icefishes)
Etymology: Chaenodraco: Greek, chaeno = to yawn + Greek, drako = dragon (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Dr Edward Adrian Wilson (1872–1912) was an English physician, polar explorer, painter and natural historian. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Regan.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 底中水层性; 深度上下限 200 - 800 m (Ref. 5200). 極; 60°S - 78°S, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 5200)
Southern Ocean: Circum-Antarctic on Antarctic continental shelf. Northernmost records from vicinity of South Orkney Islands and Antarctic Peninsula.
南極海: 大陸棚南極圈與南極圈離岸島嶼 (奧克尼群島南方部，雪特蘭群島南方部與象島).
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 23 - ? cm
Max length : 43.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5200); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2805)
背棘 (总数) : 5 - 8; 背的软条 (总数) : 38 - 42; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 32 - 36. Supraorbital ridge not crenulated. Middle lateral line restricted to caudal peduncle; lower lateral line originating from in front of anal-fin origin to above sixth anal ray. Maxilla extending to below anterior third of eye. Opercular bones with 2 upper and 3 lower spines. Preopercular-mandibular canal not joined to temporal canal. Pelvic fins extending beyond anal-fin origin. In life, pale grey, whitish ventrally. Differentiated by the dorsoventrally oval shape; the prominent distally rounded rostrum, pseudo-rostrum and pseudo-antirostrum; the clearly defined excisura ostii and pseudo-excisura ostii; the acutely constricted collum; and the well developed colliculli.
Ontogeny: The excisura ostii and the pseudo-excisura ostii become deeper and the crista inferior becomes less distinct with an increase in the fish size.
不细齿状的眶上的脊。 中央侧线局限于尾柄了; 低的侧线在臀鳍前面起源方面起源于在第六个臀鳍鳍条之上。 在眼的前三分之一之下颚骨延伸至。 鳃盖硬骨有两个上面的与 3个下面的棘。 前鳃盖骨-颚骨管不连到了暂生管。 腹鳍延伸超过臀鳍起源。 活着时, 白灰色, 微白色的腹地。 藉由有背腹性椭圆形的形状区别了; 突出的末梢部圆形的喙, 假的-喙与假的-antirostrum; 界线明确的 excisura ostii 与假-excisura ostii; 尖锐地压缩的 collum; 而且发展良好的 colliculli。
个体发生: 变得比较深的 excisura ostii 与假-excisura ostii 与 crista 下方的变得较不明显有一个鱼大小的增加。
Common in shallower waters of the continental shelf, especially on banks less than 250 m deep in areas where local upwelling increase food supply (Ref. 6390). Postlarvae and pelagic juveniles are also found in the upper 100 m (Ref. 5200). Food consists of fishes and krill. Spawn in winter (Ref. 6390). Larval pelagic phase is long (Ref. 28915). Prey to penguins and seals (Ref. 6390). Utilized as a food fish (Ref. 5200).
大陆架的常见于较水浅的水域, 尤其在浅堆上在地方涌升流增加食物供应的区域中少于 250 公尺深。 (参考文献 6390) 食物由鱼与磷虾组成。 冬天时产卵。 (参考文献 6390) 企鹅与海豹的猎物。 (参考文献 6390) 作为食用鱼.(参考文献 5200)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
南極海: 大陸棚南極圈與南極圈離岸島嶼 (奧克尼群島南方部，雪特蘭群島南方部與象島).
Iwami, T. and K.-H. Kock, 1990. Channichthyidae. p. 381-389. In O. Gon and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Fishes of the Southern Ocean. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. 462 p. (Ref. 5200)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): -1.8 - 1.4, mean -0.8 °C (based on 825 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00098 (0.00057 - 0.00167), b=3.53 (3.38 - 3.68), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Fec = 393-862).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (64 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 24.1 [13.1, 52.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.394 [0.164, 0.807] mg/100g; Protein = 16.6 [14.9, 18.4] %; Omega3 = 0.238 [0.110, 0.509] g/100g; Selenium = 23 [8, 56] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.2 [4.2, 101.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.466 [0.301, 0.712] mg/100g (wet weight);
