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> Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) > Monacanthidae (Filefishes)
Etymology: Aluterus:Name from Greek meaning not free or detached, referring to the pelvis that does not form a spiny project (as it does in triggerfish) (R. Chandler, pers. Comm. 10/2014). More on author: Linnaeus.
Circumtropical. Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA to Argentina (Ref. 36453). Eastern Atlantic: west coast of tropical Africa (Ref. 3592). Eastern Pacific: Guatemala to Chile (Ref. 9068); probably in Mexico (Ref. 9318). Western Indian Ocean: Mozambique and South Africa (Ref. 4421). Recorded from La Reunion (Ref. 53568).
အရြယ္အစား / အေလးခ်ိန္ / အသက္အရြယ္
မိ်ဳးပြားရန္အရြယ္ေရာက္ျပီ: Lm? range ? - ? cm Max length : 76.2 cm TL အထီး/လိြင္ခြဲျခားျခင္းမျပဳနုိင္ေသာ; (Ref. 26340); common length : 40.0 cm TL အထီး/လိြင္ခြဲျခားျခင္းမျပဳနုိင္ေသာ; (Ref. 3467); အမ်ားဆံုး ပံုနွိပ္ထုတ္ေ၀ထားေသာ အေလးခ်ိန္: 2.7 kg (Ref. 40637)
ေက်ာဆူးေတာင္ (စုစုေပါင္း) : 2; ေက်ာဘက္တြင္ရွိေသာ ေရယက္၌ပါေသာ အမွ်င္မ်ား (စုစုေပါင္း) : 45 - 52; စအိုတြင္ရွိေသာဆူးေတာင္မ်ား: 0; စအိုနားတြင္ရွိျပီး နူးညံ့ေသာေရယက္အမွ်င္မ်ား: 47 - 53. Rudimentary pelvic spine disappears in large specimen (Ref. 36453). Snout convex in adults (Ref. 1602). Sandy to grey with small brown spots above; soft dorsal and anal fins pale yellowish to brownish; caudal membrane blackish brown (Ref. 4421).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Occasionally in shallow water by steep drop-offs. Solitary or in pairs, occasionally in groups of five or six, at less than 10 m depth. Juveniles are pelagic, seen under floating objects (Ref. 9318, 48637). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Adults and juveniles are rarely seen near reefs. Juveniles often with large jellies and these may bring them close to reefs and adults may nest on sandflats adjacent to reefs in deep water. At other times, the adults may form large schools under weed-rafts that usually form during the wet season (Ref. 48637). Feed on benthic organisms (Ref. 30573).
Harmelin-Vivien, M.L. and J.-C. Quéro, 1990. Monacanthidae. p. 1061-1066. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3592)
စိုးရိမ္ဖြယ္အေျခအေနသို႔ေရာက္ရွိေန ေသာမ်ိဳးသုဥ္းရွားပါးေတာ့မည့္မ်ိဳးစိတ္မ်ား၏အဆင့္အတန္း (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
နှစ်သက်ရာ အပူချိန် (က်မ္းကိုးစာရင္း 123201): 22.8 - 29, mean 27.6 °C (based on 1868 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity အညွှန်းကိန်း (က်မ္းကိုးစာရင္း 82804): PD50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01905 (0.01192 - 0.03047), b=2.89 (2.75 - 3.03), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
အစာရရွိမႈကြင္းဆက္နွင့္ အစာစားေသာအေလ့အက်င့္ (က်မ္းကိုးစာရင္း 69278): 3.8 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 5.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
ထိခိုက္ဒဏ္ရာရရွျပီးမွျပန္လည္ေကာင္းမြန္လာေသာ/မ်ိဳးသုဥ္းေပ်ာက္ကြယ္လုနီးပါးျဖစ္ေနျပီမွ ျပန္လည္ေတြ႕ရွိရေသာ (က်မ္းကိုးစာရင္း 120179): အလယ္အလတ္, (၁နွစ္နွင့္၄လ မွ ၄နွစ္၄လ အခ်ိန္နွစ္ဆအတြင္း အနည္းဆံုးဦးေရ (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
ငါးဖမ်းခြင်း အားနည်းချက် (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100). 🛈
