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Carangiformes (Jacks) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Trachurus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Roy A Latham (1881–1979) of Orient, Long Island, New York, USA, was a farmer and amateur self-eductaed naturalist who collected from a very early age and continued into his late nineties! Over the years he filled the two floors and multiple rooms of [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Nichols.
محیط زیست: محیط زیست / منطقه آب و هوایی / تغييرات عمق / محدوده توزیع
بوم شناسي
دريايي وابسته به آب سنگ; تغييرات عمق 30 - 200 m (Ref. 5951). Subtropical; 45°N - 37°S
Western Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951) to Maine, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to northern Argentina; apparently rare in the West Indies.
طول در اولین بلوغ / اندازه / وزن / سن
بلوغ: Lm 12.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 7251); common length : 30.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 5217); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 500.00 g (Ref. 5217)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 8; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 32; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 3; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 28. Body elongate and slightly compressed; posterior edge of upper jaw reaching to below anterior margin of eye; eye large with a well developed adipose eyelid; shallow furrow on upper margin of shoulder girdle; body except for small part behind pectoral fin covered with small cycloid scales; body dark blue dorsally, silver-white ventrally; black blotch on posterior margin of opercle; tip of snout dusky; anterior margin and tip of first dorsal fin dusky, other parts pale; second dorsal fin pale; caudal fin dusky, pectoral and pelvic fins pale (Ref. 13608).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Adults are benthopelagic over continental shelves (Ref. 5217). Rare in oceanic insular areas (Ref. 5217). Juveniles associate with the jellyfish Chrysaora lactea in Southwestern Atlantic. Preyed on by juvenile comb grouper (Mycteroperca acutirostris) when protection given by the jellyfish fails (Ref. 52493). Adults are found often in schools. They feed on small invertebrates. Marketed fresh locally and considered a good food fish (Ref. 9626). In southern Brazil, stocks are found in 147 m deep water (Ref. 47377).
چرخه زندگی و رفتار جفتگیری
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | باروری | توزاد ( لارو)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
تخمینها بر اساس مدلها
دمای ترجیحی (مرجع
123201): 9.5 - 27.1, mean 22.5 °C (based on 191 cells).
شاخص تنوع فیلوژنتیکی (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00855 - 0.01066), b=2.97 (2.94 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
سطح تروفیک (مرجع
69278): 4.0 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
جهندگی (مرجع
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (K=0.16-0.36; tm=2).
Prior r = 0.55, 95% CL = 0.36 - 0.83, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
آسیبپذیری ماهیگیری (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
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آسیبپذیری اقلیمی (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).
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مواد مغذی (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 110 [48, 194] mg/100g; Iron = 1.94 [1.02, 3.58] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [19.1, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.201 [0.116, 0.339] g/100g; Selenium = 16.6 [8.3, 34.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 63.7 [15.9, 264.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.65 [1.07, 2.55] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.