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Carangiformes (Jacks) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Trachurus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Roy A Latham (1881–1979) of Orient, Long Island, New York, USA, was a farmer and amateur self-eductaed naturalist who collected from a very early age and continued into his late nineties! Over the years he filled the two floors and multiple rooms of [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Nichols.
Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 30 - 200 m (Ref. 5951). Subtropical; 45°N - 37°S
Western Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951) to Maine, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to northern Argentina; apparently rare in the West Indies.
Panjang pada saat jatuh tempo pertama / Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm 12.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 7251); common length : 30.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5217); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 500.00 g (Ref. 5217)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 8; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 32; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 28. Body elongate and slightly compressed; posterior edge of upper jaw reaching to below anterior margin of eye; eye large with a well developed adipose eyelid; shallow furrow on upper margin of shoulder girdle; body except for small part behind pectoral fin covered with small cycloid scales; body dark blue dorsally, silver-white ventrally; black blotch on posterior margin of opercle; tip of snout dusky; anterior margin and tip of first dorsal fin dusky, other parts pale; second dorsal fin pale; caudal fin dusky, pectoral and pelvic fins pale (Ref. 13608).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Adults are benthopelagic over continental shelves (Ref. 5217). Rare in oceanic insular areas (Ref. 5217). Juveniles associate with the jellyfish Chrysaora lactea in Southwestern Atlantic. Preyed on by juvenile comb grouper (Mycteroperca acutirostris) when protection given by the jellyfish fails (Ref. 52493). Adults are found often in schools. They feed on small invertebrates. Marketed fresh locally and considered a good food fish (Ref. 9626). In southern Brazil, stocks are found in 147 m deep water (Ref. 47377).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Suhu yang disukai (Acuan
123201): 9.5 - 27.1, mean 22.5 °C (based on 191 cells).
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00855 - 0.01066), b=2.97 (2.94 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan
69278): 4.0 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (K=0.16-0.36; tm=2).
Prior r = 0.55, 95% CL = 0.36 - 0.83, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
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Kerentanan Iklim (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).
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Nutrisi (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 110 [48, 194] mg/100g; Iron = 1.94 [1.02, 3.58] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [19.1, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.201 [0.116, 0.339] g/100g; Selenium = 16.6 [8.3, 34.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 63.7 [15.9, 264.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.65 [1.07, 2.55] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.