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Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822)

Arapaima
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Image of Arapaima gigas (Arapaima)
Arapaima gigas
Picture by Lovshin, L.

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Osteoglossiformes (Bony tongues) 骨舌魚目 (Bony tongues) > Arapaimidae (Bonytongues) 巨鯡科 (Bonytongues)
Etymology: Arapaima: From tupí-guaraní, arapaima (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

; 淡水 居於水底的; pH range: 6.0 - 6.5; dH range: 10 - ?. 熱帶; 25°C - 29°C (Ref. 2060); 5°N - 11°S

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

South America: Amazon River basin. The active fishing of this fish has reduced both the population size, and occurrence of large individuals, especially around the populated regions of the Amazon (Ref. 50891).
南美洲: 亞馬遜河流域。 國際間的買賣限制。 ( 引用2, 自從 1.7.75 以後) 這一個魚的活躍釣魚已經縮小的兩者族群大小, 與大個體的發生尤其在亞馬遜河的人口稠密區域周圍.(參考文獻 50891)

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm 149.5, range 145 - 154 cm
Max length : 450 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 6398); common length : 200 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 557); 最大體重: 200.0 kg (Ref. 557)

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Often referred to as the largest freshwater fish. Builds a nest of about 15 cm depth and 50 cm width in sandy bottoms. Spawns in April and May and guards the eggs and the young. Obligate air breather. The fish rises to the surface of the water and inspires air in a noisy, distinctive gulp, which is reported to carry for long distances (Ref. 50891). Migrates into higher floodplain habitats with rising water and moves back eventually to lacustrine habitats during low water level (Ref. 116898). Threatened due to over harvesting (Ref. 58490).

時常被歸屬於最大的淡水魚。 在砂質底部中建立一個大約 15 公分深與 50個公分寬的巢。 產卵在四月與五月而且保衛卵與幼魚。 使負義務呼吸空氣的魚類。 魚水上升到水面而且在吵雜又特殊的位元組群中激發空氣, 是報告長距離運送.(參考文獻 50891) 受威脅的捕穫之上由於.(參考文獻 58490)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚

南美洲: 亞馬遜河流域。 國際間的買賣限制。 ( 引用2, 自從 1.7.75 以後) 這一個魚的活躍釣魚已經縮小的兩者族群大小, 與大個體的發生尤其在亞馬遜河的人口稠密區域周圍.(參考文獻 50891)

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

Ferraris, C.J. Jr., 2003. Arapaimatidae (Bonytongues). p. 31. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 50891)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  資料不足 (DD) ; Date assessed: 01 August 1996

CITES


CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  無害處的





人類使用

漁業: 商業性; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
FAO - Aquaculture systems: 產生; 漁業: landings; Publication: search | FishSource |

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Trophic ecology
食物相
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Food consumptions
Food rations
捕食者
Ecology
生態學
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Growths
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Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
長度-頻率
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
繁殖
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
仔魚
稚魚動力學
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游泳類型
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魚的聲音
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5938   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  4.5   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 11.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (tm=4-6; Fec=47,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
價格種類 (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 29.9 [16.6, 81.3] mg/100g; Iron = 1.02 [0.53, 2.23] mg/100g; Protein = 16 [14, 18] %; Omega3 = 0.387 [0.140, 1.140] g/100g; Selenium = 140 [45, 346] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.6 [3.9, 64.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.648 [0.415, 1.065] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.