Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển Cùng sống ở rạn san hô; Mức độ sâu 60 - 226 m (Ref. 89467). Tropical
Indo-Pacific: Gulf of Oman, East Africa, southern Japan, Hawaii, the Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819), Australia, New Zealand, and Easter Island. Southeast Atlantic: southeast coast of South Africa (Ref. 3197). Also reported from the northern Red Sea (Refs. 13277, 58021).
Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm FL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 89467); common length : 20.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 9137)
Các tia vây lưng cứng (tổng cộng) : 9; Các vây lưng mềm (tổng cộng) : 23 - 25; Tia cứng vây hậu môn: 3; Tia mềm vây hậu môn: 21 - 24. Bluish grey to green above, silvery white below; soft dorsal and anal fins with submarginal brownish band, fin lobes white distally (Ref. 3197). LL with 22-23 scutes.
Adults are found on the continental shelf and slope (Ref. 30573). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Utilized as a food fish (Ref. 3287). Cultured and released for fishery in Japan. Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 9773.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Sự tái sinh sản | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Ấu trùng
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Các nghề cá: Tính thương mại; Nuôi trồng thủy sản: Tính thương mại; cá để chơi: đúng
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.4 - 24.4, mean 20.6 °C (based on 136 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01698 (0.01077 - 0.02679), b=2.94 (2.81 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.67 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): Chiêù cao, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là dưới 15 tháng (K=0.4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 31.1 [20.1, 64.4] mg/100g; Iron = 1.21 [0.57, 2.37] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [17.5, 22.2] %; Omega3 = 0.194 [0.116, 0.344] g/100g; Selenium = 12.7 [6.2, 25.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 53.2 [9.8, 299.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.688 [0.382, 1.531] mg/100g (wet weight);