分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lethrinidae (Emperors or scavengers) > Lethrininae
Etymology: Lethrinus: Greek, lethrinia, a fish pertaining to genus Pagellus.
More on author: Forsskål.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 ? - 30 m (Ref. 2295). 熱帶; 27°N - 26°S, 33°E - 138°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Ryukyu Islands and east to French Polynesia.
印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到琉球群島，東加與美屬薩摩亞。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 23.7 range ? - 25.7 cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 30573); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 30573); 最大年龄: 14 年 (Ref. 2295)
背棘 (总数) : 10; 背的软条 (总数) : 9; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 8. The body is light tan or olive to brown, becoming lighter below. the centers of the scales are often lighter than the background color. The head, often, has several broad indistinct vertical and diagonal light and dark bands. Sometimes there are white spots below the eye. The posterior edge of the operculum is dark brown. An orange-yellow stripe is on the lower part of the side with two additional more faint orange-yellow stripes above and one below this stripe. The fins are whitish or tan, sometimes mottled.
身体颜色较淡黄褐色或橄榄色到褐色的, 变成腹面颜色较淡。 鳞片的中心颜色经常比背景颜色淡。 头部，时常，有一些宽的不明显的垂直与斜的淡色与深色的条纹。 有时有白色的斑点眼睛下面。 鳃盖的后缘深褐色的。 在侧边的下面部份上的一条橘黄色的斑纹是在这一条斑纹之下有两个附加的更模糊的橘黄色的斑纹上方与一。 鳍是微白色或黄褐色的, 有时有斑点的。
Found over seagrass beds (Ref. 41878), sand and rubble areas of lagoons and reefs (Ref. 30573). Found singly or in groups (Ref. 9710). Juveniles on weedy reefs (Ref. 48635). Feed on mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms (Ref. 30573). One of the commonest lethrinids along the coast of east Africa (Ref. 4369). Marketed fresh (Ref. 9775).
发现在海草床，泻湖与礁的沙子与碎石区上了。 (参考文献 30573) 各别地发现或成群.(参考文献 9710) 稚鱼在杂草丛生的礁上。 (参考文献 48635) 吃软件动物，甲壳动物与棘皮动物。 (参考文献 30573) 最普通的龙占鱼科鱼类之一沿着非洲东部的海岸。 (参考文献 4369) 在市场上销售生鲜地了。 (参考文献 9775)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Gonochorism is inferred for this species as sizes of males and females overlapped and male gonad morphology is typical of secondarily derived testes (Ref. 103751). This may be supported further by the study of Ebisawa etal (2006) which characterised sexual pattern for this species as juvenile hermaphroditism indicating that sexual transition occurred before ovarian maturation, a case for non-functional hermaphroditism in Ref. 103751.印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到琉球群島，東加與美屬薩摩亞。
Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(9):118 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 2295)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
工具
特别资料
下载 XML
网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.1 - 29.3, mean 28.5 °C (based on 3253 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01202 (0.00766 - 0.01887), b=2.97 (2.84 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (tmax=14).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (83 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 41.4 [28.5, 59.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.828 [0.549, 1.177] mg/100g; Protein = 20.4 [17.8, 22.6] %; Omega3 = 0.122 [0.087, 0.170] g/100g; Selenium = 39.8 [21.9, 64.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25.8 [5.6, 137.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.91 [1.44, 2.47] mg/100g (wet weight);
