Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển gần đáy; Mức độ sâu 7 - 200 m (Ref. 4417). Tropical; 30°N - 35°S, 24°E - 154°E
Indian Ocean: throughout the region including the Red Sea and Persian Gulf; south to Algoa Bay in South Africa (Ref. 4417). Western Pacific: Taiwan southward to New Guinea and extending to the northeastern coast of Australia.
Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 37.5 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 117081); common length : 15.0 cm SL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 9774); Khối lượng cực đại được công bố: 760.00 g (Ref. 117081)
Các tia vây lưng cứng (tổng cộng) : 0; Các vây lưng mềm (tổng cộng) : 67 - 74; Tia cứng vây hậu môn: 0; Tia mềm vây hậu môn: 52 - 66. Eyed side with dark rings arranged in about 5 longitudinal rows; dark blotch at junction of straight and curved parts of lateral line and 2 smaller ones on the lateral line at posterior part of body and anterior end of caudal peduncle; small dark spots and elongate markings on median fins; pectoral fins with 10-12 rays on eyed side, 10-11 rays on blind side (Ref. 4417).
Found on clay, sand and mud bottoms of the continental shelf. Feeds on benthic animals (Ref. 5213). Mainly sold fresh.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Sự tái sinh sản | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Ấu trùng
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Nielsen, J.G., 1984. Bothidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 1. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3322)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Các nghề cá: Tính thương mại
Các công cụ
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.3 - 28.4, mean 26.9 °C (based on 1175 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00692 (0.00537 - 0.00892), b=3.17 (3.12 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): Chiêù cao, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là dưới 15 tháng (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (19 of 100).