Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
; air tawar bentopelagis; pH range: 8.0 - ?; potamodromous (Ref. 51243). Tropical; 22°C - ? (Ref. 85713)
Asia: Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar and China; probably Sri Lanka (Ref. 4832). Also reported from Iran (Ref. 39702), Afghanistan (Ref. 41034) and Bhutan (Ref. 40882).
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 75.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 4832)
Adults inhabit torrential hill-streams in shallow waters (Ref. 4832). They migrate to warmer regions of lakes and streams during winter (Ref. 40974). Used commonly by anglers as bait for Raiamas bola and Tor putitora. Herbivorous (Refs. 40948, 56237). Highly esteemed as food.
Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. vol 1. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. i-liv + 1-541, 1 map (Ref. 4832)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial; umpan: usually
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00531 - 0.01717), b=3.03 (2.88 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).