Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
marino; salmastro pelagic-oceanic; oceanodromo (Ref. 51243); distribuzione batimetrica 0 - 500 m, usually 5 - 250 m (Ref. 54928). Subtropical; 50°N - 16°N, 20°W - 43°E
Eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay to Mauritania including the Mediterranean Sea. The subspecies Trachurus mediterraneus ponticus occurs in the Marmara and Black seas, southern and western parts of the Azov Sea.
Lunghezza alla prima maturità / Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm 20.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm FL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 3397); common length : 30.0 cm FL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 3397)
Breve descrizione
Chiavi di identificazione | Morfologia | Morfometria
Adults are found usually near the bottom, at times also in surface waters; pelagic and migratory in large schools. They feed on other fishes especially sardines, anchovies, etc. and small crustaceans (Ref. 4233). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233).
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1986. Carangidae. p. 815-844. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. vol. 2. (Ref. 4233)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Minaccia per l'uomo
Harmless
Usi umani
Pesca: commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si
Strumenti
Rapporti speciali
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Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Temperatura preferita (Fonte Biblio.
123201): 13.2 - 21, mean 17.4 °C (based on 748 cells).
Indice di diversità filogenetica (Fonte Biblio.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00774 - 0.00980), b=2.97 (2.94 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Livello trofico (Fonte Biblio.
69278): 3.8 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio.
120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (K=0.25; assumed tm=1-2; tmax=12).
Prior r = 0.49, 95% CL = 0.33 - 0.74, Based on 6 full stock assessments.
Vulnerabilità della pesca (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
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Vulnerabilità climatica (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
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Nutrienti (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 215 [146, 344] mg/100g; Iron = 3.76 [2.38, 6.28] mg/100g; Protein = 19.8 [19.1, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.38 [0.27, 0.54] g/100g; Selenium = 26 [17, 40] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.8 [3.7, 48.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.94 [1.49, 2.61] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.