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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Haemulon: Greek, haimaleos = bloody (Ref. 45335).
Environnement : milieu / zone climatique / profondeur / gamme de distribution
Écologie
marin récifal; océanodrome (Ref. 51243); profondeur 3 - 30 m (Ref. 9626). Subtropical; 31°N - 30°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Bahamas, Florida (USA), and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil.
Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturité: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 41.2 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 9626); common length : 30.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 3798)
Épines dorsales (Total) : 12; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total) : 16 - 18; Épines anales: 3; Rayons mous anaux: 8. Silvery, the edges of the scales narrowly brown, the centers on upper half of body with a spot which may vary in color from yellow through bronze to dark brown (forming oblique dotted lines following scale rows) (Ref. 13442).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Inhabits shallow coastal reefs, the young on seagrass beds, adults in schools in relatively open areas (Ref. 9710). Rare at oceanic islands (Ref. 9710). Feeds at night on mollusks and small fishes (Ref. 9710). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3798).
Cycle de vie et comportement reproducteur
Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Menace pour l'homme
Harmless
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: intérêt commercial mineur; pêche sportive: oui; Aquarium: Aquariums publics
Outils
Articles particuliers
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Sources Internet
Estimations basées sur des modèles
Température préférée (Réf.
123201): 25.6 - 28.2, mean 27.4 °C (based on 724 cells).
Indice de diversité phylogénétique (Réf.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.00817 - 0.02127), b=3.01 (2.88 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Niveau trophique (Réf.
69278): 3.5 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 4.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Résilience (Réf.
120179): Milieu, temps minimum de doublement de population : 1,4 à 4,4 années (K=0.24).
Vulnérabilité de la pêche (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
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Nutriments (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 21.8 [9.8, 59.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.531 [0.258, 1.032] mg/100g; Protein = 19.6 [17.6, 21.6] %; Omega3 = 0.148 [0.067, 0.287] g/100g; Selenium = 14.3 [6.4, 29.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 34.6 [9.2, 127.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.681 [0.413, 1.102] mg/100g (wet weight);