分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes)
鰈形目 (Flatfishes) >
Paralichthyidae (Large-tooth flounders)
牙鮃科 (Large-tooth flounders)
Etymology: Paralichthys: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, ichthys = fish + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Steindachner.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 1 - 35 m (Ref. 121773). 亞熱帶的; 2°N - 46°S, 82°W - 73°W
Eastern Pacific: Ecuador to Chile.
東太平洋: 厄瓜多到智利。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 60.4 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 11035)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 72 - 77; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 57 - 65. Pectoral fins short, about half of head on ocular side and about one-third of head on blind side. Caudal fin double truncate (Ref. 27363).
胸鰭短, 大約一半在有眼睛的一邊上的頭部大約三分之一頭部在沒有眼睛的一邊上。 尾鰭加倍截形.(參考文獻 27363)
Inhabits soft bottom area of the continental shelf (Ref. 11035).
棲息於大陸棚的軟質底部區域。 (參考文獻 11035)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).東太平洋: 厄瓜多到智利。
CENAIM, 1992. A field guide to the edible fishes and shellfishes in coastal waters of Ecuador. Centro Nacional de Acuicultura e Investigaciones Marinas (CENAIM), Ecuador. 95 p. (Ref. 11035)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 02 May 2008
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
工具
特別的報告
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網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13 - 23.1, mean 20.1 °C (based on 28 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00617 (0.00306 - 0.01241), b=3.16 (2.99 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.55 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 63.7 [26.7, 128.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.932 [0.421, 1.763] mg/100g; Protein = 16.7 [14.3, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.179 [0.092, 0.343] g/100g; Selenium = 24.6 [9.6, 57.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.6 [2.8, 47.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.429 [0.273, 0.679] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
