Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री; औशिनोड़िरोमस (Ref. 51243); गहराई सीमा ? - 20 m (Ref. 189). Subtropical; 22°S - 40°S, 60°W - 42°W (Ref. 189)
Southwest Atlantic: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to Mar del Plata, Argentina.
आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 14.0 cm SL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 27363); common length : 9.0 cm SL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 27363)
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 0; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 12 - 13; गुदा कांटा: 0; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 20 - 24. Snout long and pointed, almost equal to eye diameter; maxilla fairly long, tip bluntly pointed, reaching just or almost to hind border of pre-operculum; gill cover canals of panamensis-type; pseudobranch long, more than eye diameter, with about 30 filaments. Anus nearer to anal fin origin than to pelvic fin tips (Ref. 189). Body dark blue or greenish above, with a wide silver stripe along sides (Ref. 27363).
Found inshore down to at least 20 m deep (Ref. 189). Presumably feeds on zooplankton (Ref. 189). Eggs recorded off Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil in July and late August to early September, oval in shape and 0.94-1.02 by 0.68-0.83 mm (Ref. 189).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा
Spawn in school (Ref. 205).
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
साधन
Special reports
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00245 - 0.00814), b=3.14 (2.99 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
लौटाव (Ref.
120179): ऊंचा, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी समय अवलागत 15 महीने। (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 215 [131, 529] mg/100g; Iron = 2.15 [1.12, 4.01] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [15.5, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.417 [0.222, 0.832] g/100g; Selenium = 17 [7, 40] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.7 [4.6, 59.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.2 [0.8, 1.8] mg/100g (wet weight);