Elasmobranchii (haaien en roggen) (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) >
Myliobatidae (Eagle and manta rays)
Etymology: Myliobatis: Greek, mylo = mill + Greek, + Greek, batis,-idos = a ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Macleay.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien rifbewoner; diepte 1 - 85 m (Ref. 9862). Subtropical; 27°S - 43°S
Eastern Indian Ocean: southern Australia, from Western Australia to Queensland. Possibly occurring off New Zealand.
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm WD mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 6871); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 56.5 kg (Ref. 40637)
Commonly found off beaches and over sand flats in shallow water. Also found offshore down to 85 m (Ref. 9862). Feeds mainly on crabs and shellfish (Ref. 6871). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).
Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Venomous
Gebruik door de mens
Sportvis: ja
Tools
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15 - 20.1, mean 17.4 °C (based on 236 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00123 - 0.01235), b=3.08 (2.82 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.55 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (83 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 4.25 [0.47, 67.92] mg/100g; Iron = 0.393 [0.033, 4.254] mg/100g; Protein = 21.5 [16.2, 26.7] %; Omega3 = 0.113 [0.037, 0.324] g/100g; Selenium = 15.7 [2.8, 83.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.1 [1.2, 162.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.464 [0.031, 5.171] mg/100g (wet weight);