Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
; zoet water; brak water pelagisch; amfidroom (Ref. 51243). Tropical; 25°C - 30°C (Ref. 1672)
Asia and Oceania: Sri Lanka and India to New Guinea and northern Australia.
Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ?, range 20 - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 2847); common length : 25.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 2847); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 750.00 g (Ref. 6028)
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 5 - 6; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 12 - 13; Anale stekels: 3; Anale zachte stralen: 15 - 17.
Occurs mainly in brackish mangrove estuaries, but also penetrates freshwater rivers and small streams (Ref. 4833, 44894). Inhabits coastal waters (Ref. 45255). Found along the shores of flowing and standing waters. Occurs in shaded areas with overhanging vegetation (Ref. 12693, 44894). Inhabits medium to large-sized rivers (Ref. 12975). Also found in lakes and billabongs (Ref. 44894). Feeds at the surface during the day on floating debris which includes insects and vegetable matter (Ref. 2847). Also consumes crustaceans and small fishes (Ref. 44894). Renowned for its habit of spitting to dislodge its insect prey from tree branches above the water; maximum shooting range is about 150 cm. Breeds from both fresh and brackish water (Ref. 2847, 44894). Breeding takes place in the wet season. Highly fecund female releases buoyant eggs (Ref. 44894). Lays 20,000 to 150,000 eggs, measuring about 0.4 mm in diameter (Ref. 6028). Occasionally caught by anglers and is reasonable eating (Ref. 44894). Sold fresh in markets.
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Allen, G.R., 1991. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of New Guinea. Publication, no. 9. 268 p. Christensen Research Institute, Madang, Papua New Guinea. (Ref. 2847)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van minder commercieel belang; Aquarium: Commercieel
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01660 (0.00640 - 0.04301), b=3.00 (2.77 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (tm=1-2; k=0.31).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 112 [57, 241] mg/100g; Iron = 1.24 [0.73, 2.24] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.4, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.241 [0.132, 0.425] g/100g; Selenium = 48.1 [21.6, 100.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 24.3 [7.1, 81.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.04 [0.69, 1.56] mg/100g (wet weight);
