分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays) >
Rajidae (Skates)
Etymology: Dipturus: Greek, di = two + Greek, pteryx = fin (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Smith.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 50 - 457 m (Ref. 5578). 亞熱帶的; 26°S - 36°S, 12°E - 29°E (Ref. 114953)
Southeast Atlantic: known only from Lüderitz, Namibia to Port Alfred, Eastern Cape (South Africa)
東南大西洋: 已知只來自那米比亞的盧德里茲到南非的艾佛烈港了。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 130 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 114953)
简单描述
检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
A striking two-toned longnose skate, medium brown above and abruptly dark grey below, with a large, conspicuous, dark brown blotch on the upper base of each pectoral fin (Ref. 5578). Snout moderately elongated and bluntly triangular, and tail stout, not conspicuously swollen and about equal to body length; pectoral disc with broadly rounded corners and smooth underside without denticles; thorns at nape and along midline of back and tail to 1st dorsal fin, nape spine enormous in young (Ref. 5578). Hatchlings and juveniles with wide-spaced black spots on upper disc, inconspicuous or lost in adolescents and adults; adults sometimes with numerous small white spots (Ref. 5578). Underside with numerous black pores (Ref. 5578).
一个有明显双色调的长鼻 鱼, 背面褐色而下面突然变成深灰色, 在每个胸鳍的上面基底上具有一个大的，显着的，和深褐色的斑块.(参考文献 5578) 吻一般延长与钝地三角形的, 与尾部矮胖的, 不明显的肿大大约等于体长; 胸盘有宽圆形的角落与下面平滑的没有细齿; 在后颈的刺而且沿着背面与尾部到第一背鳍的中线，后颈棘巨大的当幼鱼时.(参考文献 5578) 人工孵化出之鱼苗而且稚鱼有在上体盘上的间隔大的黑色斑点, 在亚成鱼与成鱼中消失或变模糊; 成鱼有时有很多的白色小斑点。 (参考文献 5578) 下面有很多的黑色孔。 (参考文献 5578)
Found on soft bottoms of the outer shelf and upper slope (Ref. 5578). Feeds on bony fish, crabs, shrimp, mysids, mantis shrimp, euphausiids, bivalves and cuttlefish (Ref. 5578). Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Eggs have horn-like projections on the shell (Ref. 205). Males reaches maturity at 88-96 cm TL, females possibly slightly larger off Western than Southern coast of South Africa; hatching size at ca. 19 cm TL (Ref. 114953). Commonly taken by hake trawlers (Ref. 5578). Extremely slippery when caught (Ref. 5578).
栖息于外部大陆架与上层斜坡的软质底部了。 (参考文献 5578) 吃硬骨鱼，螃蟹，虾，糠虾，螳螂虾，磷虾，二枚贝与墨鱼。 (参考文献 5578) 卵生的.(参考文献 50449) 卵在贝壳上有像触角一样的突出。 (参考文献 205) 通常采自了鳕鱼底拖网。 (参考文献 5578) 非常光滑当被捕捉时.(参考文献 5578)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Eggs have horn-like projections on the shell (Ref. 205).東南大西洋: 已知只來自那米比亞的盧德里茲到南非的艾佛烈港了。
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
人类利用
渔业: 没有兴趣
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9.2 - 16.7, mean 11 °C (based on 41 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00372 (0.00249 - 0.00554), b=3.20 (3.08 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.69 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 22.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
