分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays)
鰩目 (Skates and rays) >
Rajidae (Skates)
鰩科 (Skates)
Etymology: Dipturus: Greek, di = two + Greek, pteryx = fin (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Smith.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 50 - 457 m (Ref. 5578). 亞熱帶的; 26°S - 36°S, 12°E - 29°E (Ref. 114953)
Southeast Atlantic: known only from Lüderitz, Namibia to Port Alfred, Eastern Cape (South Africa)
東南大西洋: 已知只來自那米比亞的盧德里茲到南非的艾佛烈港了。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 130 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 114953)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
A striking two-toned longnose skate, medium brown above and abruptly dark grey below, with a large, conspicuous, dark brown blotch on the upper base of each pectoral fin (Ref. 5578). Snout moderately elongated and bluntly triangular, and tail stout, not conspicuously swollen and about equal to body length; pectoral disc with broadly rounded corners and smooth underside without denticles; thorns at nape and along midline of back and tail to 1st dorsal fin, nape spine enormous in young (Ref. 5578). Hatchlings and juveniles with wide-spaced black spots on upper disc, inconspicuous or lost in adolescents and adults; adults sometimes with numerous small white spots (Ref. 5578). Underside with numerous black pores (Ref. 5578).
一個有明顯雙色調的長鼻魟魚, 背面褐色而下面突然變成深灰色, 在每個胸鰭的上面基底上具有一個大的﹐顯著的﹐和深褐色的斑塊.(參考文獻 5578) 吻一般延長與鈍地三角形的, 與尾部矮胖的, 不明顯的腫大大約等於體長; 胸盤有寬圓形的角落與下面平滑的沒有細齒; 在後頸的刺而且沿著背面與尾部到第一背鰭的中線，後頸棘巨大的當幼魚時.(參考文獻 5578) 人工孵化出之魚苗而且稚魚有在上體盤上的間隔大的黑色斑點, 在亞成魚與成魚中消失或變模糊; 成魚有時有很多的白色小斑點。 (參考文獻 5578) 下面有很多的黑色孔。 (參考文獻 5578)
Found on soft bottoms of the outer shelf and upper slope (Ref. 5578). Feeds on bony fish, crabs, shrimp, mysids, mantis shrimp, euphausiids, bivalves and cuttlefish (Ref. 5578). Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Eggs have horn-like projections on the shell (Ref. 205). Males reaches maturity at 88-96 cm TL, females possibly slightly larger off Western than Southern coast of South Africa; hatching size at ca. 19 cm TL (Ref. 114953). Commonly taken by hake trawlers (Ref. 5578). Extremely slippery when caught (Ref. 5578).
棲息於外部大陸棚與上層斜坡的軟質底部了。 (參考文獻 5578) 吃硬骨魚，螃蟹，蝦，糠蝦，螳螂蝦，磷蝦，二枚貝與墨魚。 (參考文獻 5578) 卵生的.(參考文獻 50449) 卵在貝殼上有像觸角一樣的突出。 (參考文獻 205) 通常採自了鱈魚底拖網。 (參考文獻 5578) 非常光滑當被捕捉時.(參考文獻 5578)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Eggs have horn-like projections on the shell (Ref. 205).東南大西洋: 已知只來自那米比亞的盧德里茲到南非的艾佛烈港了。
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9.2 - 16.7, mean 11 °C (based on 41 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00372 (0.00249 - 0.00554), b=3.20 (3.08 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.69 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 22.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
