Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) Υφαλόφιλο(α); εύρος βάθους 9 - 170 m (Ref. 30874), usually 16 - ? m (Ref. 9710). Tropical
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Pitcairn (excluding Easter Island), north to Japan, south to the Great Barrier Reef. Throughout Oceania. Not recorded from the Arabian Peninsula or the southern coast of Asia.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 48636)
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 5; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 21 - 22; Εδρικές άκανθες: 1; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 17 - 18. Indian Ocean form shows lined versus barred pattern (Ref. 48636). Spinous portion of dorsal fin black at base, deep red distally. A longitudinal row of black spots 8 or 9 subquadrangular red to dark brown spots along back alternating with similar but more vertically elongate red spots on lower side. Two narrow bright red bars at pectoral-fin base (Ref 42740).
Benthic (Ref. 58302). Usually on open sand and rubble substrates near reefs (Ref. 48636, 58302). Adults occur on deep seaward and coastal slopes and deep sand flats (Ref. 48636) at depths to 170 m and rises up to about 15 m to feed (Ref. 90102). Adults have lyre-tail and may swim high above the substrate to feed on zooplankton, usually amongst other fishes such as basslets (Ref. 48636). Minimum depth of 9 m reported from Ref. 30874.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Αβγά | Γονιμότητα | Προνύμφες
Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene, 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); Ενυδρείο: Εμπορικό(ά)
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.4 - 28.8, mean 27 °C (based on 884 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00692 (0.00314 - 0.01524), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 90.6 [48.1, 143.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.773 [0.480, 1.265] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [15.5, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.111 [0.065, 0.196] g/100g; Selenium = 39.5 [20.5, 80.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 142 [52, 416] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.4 [1.0, 1.9] mg/100g (wet weight);
