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> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Cynoglossidae (Tonguefishes) > Cynoglossinae
Etymology: Cynoglossus: Greek, kyon = dog + Greek, odous = teeth + Greek, glossa = tongue (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; estuarina demersal; intervalo de profundidade 9 - 125 m (Ref. 9895). Tropical; 32°N - 5°S, 47°E - 134°E

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Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf to Sri Lanka and Indonesia, north to southern Japan. Reported occurrence of this species from Niue (Ref. 3804) should be verified.

Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: L_m 20.1 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 11441); common length : 30.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 3391)

Descrição suscinta Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 0; Raios dorsais (total) : 116 - 130; Espinhos anais: 0; Raios anais : 85 - 98; Vértebras: 50 - 57. Eyed side uniform brown, with a dark patch on gill cover, blind side white. Body elongate, its depth 20 to 26% SL. Eyes with a small scaly interorbital space. Snout obtusely pointed. Rostral hook short. Corner of mouth reaching posteriorly to or beyond lower of eye, about midway between gill opening and tip of snout. Caudal-fin rays usually 10. Midlateral-line scales 56 to 70. Scales large, ctenoid on eyed side of body. Cycloid (smooth) on blind side. Scale rows between lateral lines on eyed side of body 7 to 9 (Ref 9895).

Inhabits muddy and sandy bottoms of the continental shelf down to 125 m. Enters estuaries and tidal rivers (Ref. 1479). Feeds predominantly on bottom-living invertebrates. Marketed mostly fresh and frozen; also dried-salted (Ref. 9895).

Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)

Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)

Dados insuficientes (DD) ; Date assessed: 12 August 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para os humanos

Harmless

Uso pelos humanos

Pescarias: espécies comerciais

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 23.5 - 28.7, mean 27.7 °C (based on 550 cells).

Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00398 (0.00251 - 0.00631), b=3.07 (2.94 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.

Resiliência (Ref. 120179): médio(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.24-0.98; tm=2;).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).

Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 149 [70, 257] mg/100g; Iron = 0.909 [0.427, 1.502] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [15.9, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.12 [0.05, 0.26] g/100g; Selenium = 63.3 [32.5, 122.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.5 [7.8, 50.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.33 [0.94, 1.82] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

Cynoglossus arel (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)