Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut batidemersal; kisaran kedalaman 20 - 1000 m (Ref. 6302). Deep-water; 75°N - 30°N, 28°W - 46°E (Ref. 54568)
Eastern Atlantic: south-western Barents Sea to Strait of Gibraltar including the Mediterranean and Black Sea. Reported from Iceland (Ref. 4712) and Mauritania (Ref. 5377). North Atlantic specimens attain larger sizes than those collected off West Africa and they also occur in shallower depths.
Panjang pada saat jatuh tempo pertama / Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm 55.0, range 35 - 60 cm
Max length : 200 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 4712); common length : 100.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 4712); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 57.7 kg (Ref. 40637); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 24 Tahun (Ref. 46508)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 8; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 11 - 12; Sirip dubur lunak: 9 - 10. Peritoneum pale. Head and body depressed. Mouth wide and cavernous. Skin thin and loose, scales absent. Esca bifid, 2 broad, flattened , leaf-like blades. Dorsal spines long, stout and bearing many well-developed tendrils; 4th spine greater than snout width (Ref. 4712).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: flattened.
Occurs on sandy and muddy bottoms from the coast (below 20 m, Ref. 12382) down to depths of 1,000 m. May also be found on rocky bottoms (Ref. 12382). It lies half-buried in the sediment waiting for its prey. It attracts prey by means of its fishing filament (Ref. 5377). Feeds mainly on fishes, occasionally sea-birds. Marketed fresh and frozen; eaten steamed, sautéed, broiled, boiled, fried, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). It is a well-studied species in Europe and is sold without the skin and the head under the name 'queue de Lotte' (Ref. 5377). Does not adapt well in home aquariums due to its large size (Ref. 12382).
Caruso, J.H., 1986. Lophiidae. p. 1362-1363. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, Volume 3. Unesco, Paris. (Ref. 4712)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: bernilai komersial tinggi
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Suhu yang disukai (Acuan
123201): 3.8 - 14.2, mean 7.7 °C (based on 468 cells).
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01585 (0.01277 - 0.01966), b=2.92 (2.85 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan
69278): 4.5 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 11.0 (8.5 - 14.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 13
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (K=0.07-0.33; tm=4.5-14; tmax=24; Fec=1 million).
Prior r = 0.47, 95% CL = 0.31 - 0.70, Based on 8 full stock assessments.
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (64 of 100).
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Kerentanan Iklim (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
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Nutrisi (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 10.8 [5.5, 23.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.381 [0.157, 0.847] mg/100g; Protein = 19.9 [16.2, 22.3] %; Omega3 = 0.214 [0.097, 0.481] g/100g; Selenium = 19.7 [7.1, 58.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.58 [0.76, 28.24] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.137 [0.073, 0.438] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.