Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي; لب شور وابسته به آب سنگ; تغييرات عمق 8 - 50 m (Ref. 9806). Subtropical; 35°N - 28°S
Southeast Atlantic: off Swakopmund, Namibia (Ref. 11228). Indo-Pacific and Eastern Pacific: South Africa east through Indonesia to the Easter Island and Peru, north to southern Japan, Hawaii, and southern California, south to New Caledonia, New South Wales and Kermadec Islands (Ref. 8879).
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 34.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 583)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 0; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 9; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 9. Small spine on back and short spines before eyes (Ref. 3141). Caudal fin rays 10 (Ref. 1602).
Inhabit coral and rocky reefs of coastal areas (Ref. 9806, 48637). Also common on offshore sand and mudflats (Ref. 48637). Young fish occur in oceanic waters, at or near the surface (Ref. 2850); semi-transparent young may enter estuaries (Ref. 3141). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feed on benthic invertebrates (Ref. 9806). A large number of juveniles were found in the stomachs of flatheads (Ref. 48637).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)
Matsuura, K., 2001. Ostraciidae. Boxfishes. p. 3948-3951. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9806)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Venomous
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: از بی علاقه گی; آكواريوم: تجاري
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.3 - 29, mean 27.7 °C (based on 844 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03548 (0.01700 - 0.07404), b=2.81 (2.62 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (Fec assumed to be > 10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (24 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 26.6 [10.0, 92.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.618 [0.303, 1.438] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [17.0, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.184 [0.091, 0.354] g/100g; Selenium = 16.9 [7.0, 38.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 27.5 [6.9, 127.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.88 [0.55, 1.41] mg/100g (wet weight);
