Bathytoshia brevicaudata (Hutton, 1875)
Short-tail stingray
अपना अवलोकन जोड़ें Fish Watcher
| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Bathytoshia brevicaudata AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
वर्गीकरण / नाम आम नाम | उपशब्द | Catalog of Fishes(वर्ग, प्रजाति) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
इलाज़मौबरांकी (शारक और रेज़) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Dasyatidae (Stingrays) > Dasyatinae
पर्यावरण: पर्यावरण / जलवायु क्षेत्र / गहराई सीमा / वितरण सीमा पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री; खारा ड़िमरसल; गहराई सीमा 0 - 476 m (Ref. 5578), usually 0 - 200 m (Ref. 89422). Temperate; 15°C - 29°C (Ref. 130650)
वितरण प्रदेशों | ऐफ ऐ ओ क्षेत्र | पारिस्थितिकी प्रणालियों | संयोग | बिन्दु नक्शा | भूमिका | Faunafri
Indo-West Pacific: antitropical; from southern Africa to New Zealand, and off Japan and Peter the Great Bay (eastern Russia).
प्रथम परिपक्वता पर लंबाई / आकार / वज़न / आयु
परिपक्व अवधि: Lm ?, range 120 - ? cm
Max length : 430 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 5578); common length : 125 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 9258)
Max length : 430 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 5578); common length : 125 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 9258)
संक्षिप्त वर्णन पहचान कुंजी | आकृति विज्ञान | मौरफोमैटरिक्स
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 0. This species is huge, plain-coloured, with a disc broad and rhombic, belly with transverse groove, tail short tapering strongly before caudal sting, thorns when present are confined to tail before sting, pectoral fin with an oblique rows of white spots dorsally; disc width ca. 1.1-1.2 times its length, very thick trunk; narrowly-rounded pectoral-fin apex; short snout, obtuse with tip barely extended and anterior margins weakly convex; small eyes with orbit length and spiracle 2.0-2.2 in snout length; broad interorbital space, up to 4 times orbit length in adults; mouth often with 5-7 oral papillae, deep labial furrows, weakly convex lower jaw; very broadly skirt-shaped nasal curtain, its margin fringed; oblique oval nostrils; smooth skin, no derml denticles, with specimens > 45 cm WD having a row of spear-shaped or starry-based thorns and tubercles on mid-line of tail before the caudal sting and the tail beyond this is covered with sharp thornlets; very broad tail depressed at the base, often shorter that width disc, often with one caudal sting, its ventral fold is short but prominent (extending to just beyond tip of sting), its dorsal fold reduced to a hard ridge; pelvic fins are rather small with narrowly-rounded apices. Colour of upper surface uniformly greyish brown and darkest on tail tip and above the eye; white inside of spiracles, pores around side of head and diagonal row of pores on each side of anterior disc; white ventrally; disc margin and undersurface of tail dusky (Ref. 114953).
Body shape (shape guide): other; Cross section: flattened.
Body shape (shape guide): other; Cross section: flattened.
Occurs offshore, on the outer shelf and uppermost slope; sometimes close inshore (Ref. 5578), in very shallow ( 0 m) depths (Ref. 26346). Found on sandy bottoms, in bays, harbors, and near rocky reefs (Ref. 12951). Often in aggregations (Ref. 12951). Feeds on fishes, bivalves, squid, and crustaceans (Ref. 12951). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Reputed to be the largest stingray in the world weighing more than 350,000 g (Ref. 6871). Frequently raises its tail in a scorpion-like fashion when approached, but is considered more as inquisitive rather than aggressive (Ref. 6871). The barbed tail however can inflict a severe or potentially fatal wound (Ref. 6871). Sometimes caught by anglers (Ref. 5578). It is parasitised by the monogenean Heterocotyle tokoloshei in the gills (Ref. 124053)
जीवन चक्र और संभोग व्यवहार परिपक्व अवधि | पुनरुत्पत्ति | मछलीऔ का अंडे देना | अंडे | उपजाऊपन | लार्वा
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). During courtship, the male will hold onto the pectoral margin of a female (sometimes for hours) as she swims through the water. The male flips under the female and inserts a clasper. The male beats his tail from side to side to move the clasper backward and forward in the cloca. Copulation lasts 3-5 minutes. Males have been observed to nudge the female's abdomen during parturition. Viviparous, young born at about 36 cm WD (Ref. 6871).
मुख्य संदर्भ
अपने संदर्भ अपलोड करें | संदर्भ | संयोजक : McEachran, John | सहयोगीयो
Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor, 2016. Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953)
आईयूसीएन रेड लिस्ट स्थिति (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 27 November 2020
CITES
Not Evaluated
मनुष्यों के लिए ख़तरा
Venomous (Ref. 4716)
मानव उपयोग
मात्स्यिकी: व्यापारिक; आखेट मत्स्य: हां; जलजीवालय: सार्वजनिक लजीवालय
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
अधिक जानकारी
जनसंख्या गतिशीलता
विकास मापदंड
अधिकतम आयु/आकार
लंबाई-वजन संबंध
लंबाई-लंबाई संबंध
लंबाई-आवृत्तियाँ
सामूहिक रूपांतरण
भर्ती
बहुतायत
विकास मापदंड
अधिकतम आयु/आकार
लंबाई-वजन संबंध
लंबाई-लंबाई संबंध
लंबाई-आवृत्तियाँ
सामूहिक रूपांतरण
भर्ती
बहुतायत
जीवन चक्र
पुनरुत्पत्ति
परिपक्व अवधि
परिपक्वता/गिल्स संबंध
उपजाऊपन
मछलीऔ का अंडे देना
स्पॉनिंग एकत्रीकरण
अंडे
अंडे का विकास
लार्वा
लारवल गतिकी
पुनरुत्पत्ति
परिपक्व अवधि
परिपक्वता/गिल्स संबंध
उपजाऊपन
मछलीऔ का अंडे देना
स्पॉनिंग एकत्रीकरण
अंडे
अंडे का विकास
लार्वा
लारवल गतिकी
फिजियोलॉजी
शारीरिक संरचना
पोषक तत्व
प्राणवायु की खपत
तैराकी का प्रकार
तैराकी की गति
दृश्य वर्णक
मछली की आवाज
रोग एवं परजीवी
विषाक्तता (LC50s)
शारीरिक संरचना
पोषक तत्व
प्राणवायु की खपत
तैराकी का प्रकार
तैराकी की गति
दृश्य वर्णक
मछली की आवाज
रोग एवं परजीवी
विषाक्तता (LC50s)
साधन
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मॉडल पर आधारित अनुमान
पसंदीदा तापमान (संदर्भ 123201): 14.6 - 28.5, mean 24.1 °C (based on 2002 cells).
जातिवृति विविधता सूचकांक (संदर्भ 82804): PD50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00189 - 0.01058), b=3.12 (2.92 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
ट्रॉफिक स्तर (संदर्भ 69278): 3.9 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
पोषक तत्व (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 2.46 [0.37, 44.68] mg/100g; Iron = 0.194 [0.018, 2.273] mg/100g; Protein = 21.3 [18.7, 24.0] %; Omega3 = 0.362 [0.114, 1.026] g/100g; Selenium = 21.7 [4.4, 114.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 1.89 [0.16, 20.28] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.26 [0.02, 2.86] mg/100g (wet weight);