Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts) > Plectorhinchinae
Etymology: Plectorhinchus: Greek, plektos = plaited + Greek, rhyngchos = snout (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lacepède.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 8 - 25 m (Ref. 58652). 熱帶; 30°N - 24°S
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea to Natal, South Africa (including Madagascar and the Comoro and Reunion islands); Gulf of Aden and the Persian Gulf eastward to Samoa, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to Australia; Caroline and Mariana islands in Micronesia.
印度-西太平洋: 紅海到南非的納塔爾 (包括馬達加斯加與科羅摩與留尼旺島); 亞丁灣與波斯灣向東至美屬薩摩亞, 北至琉球群島, 南至澳洲; 在密克羅尼西亞的加羅林群島與馬里亞納群島。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 75.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 30874)
背棘 (总数) : 14; 背的软条 (总数) : 15 - 16; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 7 - 8.
全灰色在鳍与鳃上有暗淡的边缘当成熟的时候。 稚鱼褐色到接近黑色的, 在水表面中拟态树叶漂浮.(参考文献 48635)
Found in coastal reefs, sandbanks, and near estuaries (Ref. 30573). Enter freshwater (Ref. 7050). Small juveniles occur along sheltered sandy shorelines where they mimic a dead leaf by drifting on their sides (Ref. 37816). Adults mainly in protected inshore reefs to deep offshore, sometimes swims in small groups (Ref. 48635). Excellent food fish (Ref. 2799).
发现于岸礁，沙洲了, 与在河口的附近.(参考文献 30573) 进入淡水。 (参考文献 7050) 小的稚鱼生活在沿着掩蔽的沙质海岸线在哪里它们被拟态的一个枯叶利用左右晃动.(参考文献 37816) 成鱼主要在遮蔽的近海岩礁到外海深处中, 有时群游于小群鱼群中.(参考文献 48635) 优良的食用鱼.(参考文献 2799)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).印度-西太平洋: 紅海到南非的納塔爾 (包括馬達加斯加與科羅摩與留尼旺島); 亞丁灣與波斯灣向東至美屬薩摩亞, 北至琉球群島, 南至澳洲; 在密克羅尼西亞的加羅林群島與馬里亞納群島。
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.2 - 29.3, mean 28.4 °C (based on 3703 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02042 (0.01151 - 0.03622), b=2.93 (2.77 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 5.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.20).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (45 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 24.5 [11.3, 52.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.465 [0.242, 0.872] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.4, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.0948 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 32.7 [16.9, 62.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 37.4 [10.8, 128.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.981 [0.633, 1.547] mg/100g (wet weight);
