分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 85 m (Ref. 13608), usually 5 - 10 m (Ref. 40849). 亞熱帶的; 21°C - 30°C (Ref. 26); 50°N - 40°S, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 54341)
Atlantic, Indian and Pacific: in tropical and subtropical waters. Highly migratory species
大西洋，印度洋與太平洋: 在熱帶與亞熱帶的水域中。 高度遷移的種,1982年海事法會議的附件一.(參考文獻 26139)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 55.8, range 35 - 93.1 cm
Max length : 210 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9846); common length : 100.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3390); 最大体重: 40.0 kg (Ref. 30874); 最大年龄: 4 年 (Ref. 2885)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 58 - 66; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 25 - 31; 脊椎骨: 31. This species is distinguished by having the following characters: mature males with prominent bony crest in front of the head; greatest body depth in adults less than 25% of standard length; tooth patch on tongue small and oval; single dorsal fin extending from above eye almost to caudal fin with 58-66 rays; a concave anal fin extending from anus almost to caudal fin; pectoral fin more than half of head length; lateral-line scales at least 200 (Ref. 9648). Colour of body metallic blue-green on the back (fading to grey with green tinge when dead), sides silver with golden sheen, and 1 row of dark spots or golden blotches running below dorsal fin and 1, 2, or more rows on and below lateral line, some scattered irregularly; dorsal and anal fins
black, the latter with a white edge; pectoral fins pale; caudal fin silvery with a golden sheen; in juveniles, only tips of caudal-fin lobes white, pelvic fins black (Ref. 9648).
最大的体高当成鱼时少于 25% 的标准长度; 在舌上的齿列小的与椭圆形; 从眼睛上方延伸的单一背鳍几乎到尾鳍有 58-66个鳍条; 一个延伸的凹臀鳍从肛门几乎到尾鳍; 胸鳍超过一半的头长.(参考文献 10948) 尾部的脊椎骨通常 18.(参考文献 10998) 成熟的雄鱼在头部之前有突出的多骨冠。 颜色被显着的侧边上有金色的色, 铁蓝色的与绿色在背部与侧边上, 有白色与黄色的下部。 小的标本有明显的纵带在身体侧边上。
Adults are found in open waters but also near the coast (Ref. 9293, 11230). Form schools. Feed on almost all forms of fish and zooplankton; also takes crustaceans and squid (Ref. 2850). Sexual maturity is reached in 4-5 months (3 for captive fish) (Ref. 11441). Spawn in the open sea and probably approximate to the coast when water temperature rises (Ref. 9293). Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6755). Attracting devices such as floating bundles of bamboo reeds or cork planks are used to concentrate dolphin fish before the nets are set. Marketed frozen (Ref. 9987) and fresh and is of high value (Ref. 9293). Caught by trolling and on tuna longlines; also occasionally with drift nets (Ref. 9846).
发现于开放的水域了也在海岸的附近.(参考文献 9293,11230) 形成鱼群。 吃几乎所有的形式鱼与浮游动物; 也捕食甲壳类动物与乌贼.(参考文献 2850) 性成熟在 4-5 个月 (3 对于捕获的鱼) 内被达成。 (参考文献 11441) 产卵在开放海域而且可能接近水温上升的海岸。 (参考文献 9293) 在网被设定之前，例如漂浮的竹苇束或木板被用来的吸引的装置集中海豚鱼。 在市场上冷冻销售了 (参考文献 9987) 与生鲜地而且是高的价值.(参考文献 9293)
In East African waters, spawning season may last from March to early June and spawning occurs inshore. In the western Pacific, sex ratios were about equal during spawning season. Spawning in the western Atlantic occurs over an extended period of time.
Spawn naturally in captivity without artificial inducement (Ref. 41779).大西洋，印度洋與太平洋: 在熱帶與亞熱帶的水域中。 高度遷移的種,1982年海事法會議的附件一.(參考文獻 26139)
Palko, B.J., G.L. Beardsley and W.J. Richards, 1982. Synopsis of the biological data on dolphin-fishes, Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus and Coryphaena equiselis Linnaeus. FAO Fish. Synop. (130); NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS Circ. (443). (Ref. 26)
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性; 养殖: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.1 - 29.1, mean 27.4 °C (based on 5894 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01349 (0.01052 - 0.01730), b=2.88 (2.80 - 2.96), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 1.1 (0.7 - 2.7) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 15
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=0.4-1.2; tm<1; tmax=5; Fec=85,000).
Prior r = 1.09, 95% CL = 0.72 - 1.64, Based on 7 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 61.9 [27.9, 135.3] mg/100g; Iron = 1.59 [0.82, 3.12] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [18.8, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.237 [0.109, 0.518] g/100g; Selenium = 51.9 [21.7, 122.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 2.57 [0.64, 11.45] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.54 [0.34, 0.88] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
