分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Nemipteridae (Threadfin breams, Whiptail breams)
Etymology: Scolopsis: Name from the Greek masculine noun 'skolos' meaning 'thorn' and suffix '-opsis' (from Greek feminine n. 'opsis' meaning 'aspect', 'appearance') meaning ‘thorny appearance’ presumably referring to 'les dentelures de la préopercule, en ont aussi, et même d'épineuses, aux sous-orbitaires' mentioned by Cuvier (1814) in his designation of the genus. Name ending in -'opsis' are treated as feminine according to ICZN 1999: Article 30.1.2 (Ref. 130620).
More on author: Bloch.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 1 - 25 m (Ref. 9710). 热带; 32°N - 36°S, 66°E - 172°W (Ref. 3810)
Indo-West Pacific: Maldives (Ref. 11303) and the Laccadive Islands to Fiji, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe Island. Recently reported from Tonga (Ref. 37816).
印度-西太平洋: 马尔地夫 (参考文献 11303) 与拉克代夫群岛到斐济, 北至日本南部, 南至罗得豪岛。 最近记录自东加。 (参考文献 37816)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 90102); common length : 13.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3810)
背棘 (总数) : 10; 背的软条 (总数) : 9; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 7. This species is distinguished by the following characters: head scales reaching to or just in front of anterior nostrils; lateral line scales 43-47 (usually 45-46); pectoral fin rays 16-18 (usually 17); snout length less than eye diameter; greatest body depth 2.5-3.0 in SL. Colour dark grey on head and back with diagonal black-edged white band separating dark area from the rest of the mainly whitish body; white blotch below posterior dorsal fin; 3 yellow stripes on upper head; juveniles with alternating black and yellow stripes on the upper half and whitish below, Batesian mimic of the poison-fanged blenny Meiacanthus grammistes (Ref. 90102).
一些地理的变化, 尤其不同的在印度洋与太平洋之间; 太平洋造型有黄色的斑纹与黄色的背鳍, 而印度洋型缺乏黄色者。 (参考文献 48635) 头部鳞片延伸到或正好在前鼻孔之前。 前鳃盖骨的下翼有鳞的。 向前及向上的 (朝向前的) 眶下骨棘呈现眼睛下面。 腹鳍长的, 延伸到或几乎到臀鳍起点的水平。 具有腋窝的鳞片。 身体的上半部橄榄色或灰褐色的, 下面珍珠色到白色的。 在头部上的 2条狭窄的黄色斑纹, 另外暗红色边的珍珠色到白色的斑纹从嘴巴到软背鳍基底。 黄色的背部中央的斑纹从上方赞成票沿着背鳍基底。 在软背鳍鳍条的后半段的基底正下方的一个微白色的小区块。 在身体的上半部上稚鱼有 3条深褐色的斑纹, 斑纹之间的间隙黄色。
Common on coral reefs. Adults occur on most reef habitats, usually in pairs, and juveniles inshore or in lagoons or rubble zones (Ref. 48635). Occurs singly or in small aggregations. Feeds on small fishes and benthic invertebrates. A protogynous hermaphrodite (Ref. 9785). Juvenile mimics poison-fanged blenny Miacanthus grammistes, Batesian mimic (Ref. 90102). Caught mainly by handline and live specimens captured by hand net for the aquarium export trade; no major fishery exists (Ref. 9785). It is parasitised by the monogenean Anoplodiscus hutsonae on the pectoral fins and body surface (Ref. 124057).
常见于珊瑚礁。 成鱼生存在大多数的礁石栖地上面, 通常成对, 与稚鱼在沿海地区或在泻湖或碎石区域中.(参考文献 48635) 各别地生存或形成小群鱼群。 吃小鱼与底栖的无脊椎动物。 一个雌性先熟的雌雄同体.(参考文献 9785)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
印度-西太平洋: 马尔地夫 (参考文献 11303) 与拉克代夫群岛到斐济, 北至日本南部, 南至罗得豪岛。 最近记录自东加。 (参考文献 37816)
Russell, B.C., 1990. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 12. Nemipterid fishes of the world. (Threadfin breams, whiptail breams, monocle breams, dwarf monocle breams, and coral breams). Family Nemipteridae. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of nemipterid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(12):149p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 3810)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.1 - 29.3, mean 28.6 °C (based on 2688 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01380 (0.00863 - 0.02207), b=3.06 (2.93 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 63.4 [39.7, 131.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.68 [0.33, 1.65] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.2, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.146 [0.088, 0.244] g/100g; Selenium = 25.8 [15.1, 46.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 80 [23, 234] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.32 [0.91, 1.91] mg/100g (wet weight);
