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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Engraulidae (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Encrasicholina: Greek, egkrasicholos, -os, -on = mixed with spleen.
More on author: Fowler.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
সামুদ্রিক রীফ সংশ্লিষ্ট; মহাসাগরে বিচরনক্ষম (Ref. 51243); গভীরতার পরিসীমা 5 - 35 m (Ref. 86942). Tropical; 42°N - 35°S, 30°E - 140°E (Ref. 189)
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and Persian Gulf south to perhaps Durban in South Africa, Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, and probably Burma. Also from southern Japan to China, Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia south to Brisbane, Australia, Japan eastward to Hawaii, the Solomon Islands, Fiji, Samoa and Tahiti.
Length at first maturity / আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm ?, range 7 - ? cm
Max length : 13.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 189)
পৃষ্ঠীয় কাঁটা (মোট ) : 0; পৃষ্ঠীয় নরম পাখনা দন্ড (মোট ) : 12 - 15; পায়ূ কাঁটা : 0; পায়ূর নরম পাখনা্তুন্ড: 14 - 17. Belly rounded with 3 to 6 sharp needle-like pre-pelvic scutes. Maxilla tip blunt, scarcely projecting beyond second supra-maxilla, not reaching to front border of pre-operculum. Isthmus short, preceded by small fleshy plate on urohyal between branchial membranes. Anal fin short, its origin behind base of last dorsal fin ray.
Epipelagic (Ref. 58302). A schooling species found inshore and in oceanic waters, hundreds of miles from land. Sometimes entering large atoll lagoons or deep, clear bays. Ranks among the most important food (bait) for tuna and other large pelagic fishes (Ref. 1602). Processed into nuoc-mam, a kind of fish pickle, in Indo-China (Ref. 4929).
Spawn in school (Ref. 205).
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
মৎস্য: গৌণ বাণিজ্যিক ; স্পশর্ী : usually
হাতিয়ার
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.7 - 29.2, mean 28.3 °C (based on 928 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00479 (0.00307 - 0.00746), b=3.26 (3.13 - 3.39), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref.
120179): উচ্চ, সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ১৫ মাস (K=1.1-2.0).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (12 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 124 [38, 413] mg/100g; Iron = 1.16 [0.41, 3.17] mg/100g; Protein = 20 [17, 22] %; Omega3 = 0.323 [0.144, 0.762] g/100g; Selenium = 37.7 [12.9, 120.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 49.4 [9.8, 236.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.28 [0.70, 3.00] mg/100g (wet weight);
