Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien demersaal; diepte 5 - 450 m (Ref. 35388), usually 10 - 40 m (Ref. 4710). Subtropical; 66°N - 21°N, 28°W - 41°E
Eastern Atlantic: Iceland and Scotland southward, also North Sea, Kattegat and Baltic; Mediterranean Sea: including Adriatic, Sea of Marmara, Bosporus.
Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm 7.9, range 7 - 8 cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 88088); common length : 8.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 3397); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 53.28 g (Ref. 88088); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 13 Jaren (Ref. 32766)
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 65 - 78; Anale zachte stralen: 49 - 63. Anterior nostril on blind side not enlarged, anterior nostril on eyed side with a backward-pointing tube, reaching to vertical through front margin of lower eye. Pectoral fins on blind side reduced to a single long and 1-2 short fin rays. The supra-temporal branch of lateral lie without tubular scales. Vertebrae 36-38. Scales rectangular, intercanalicular striae strongly curved.
Demersal on sandy bottoms of continental shelf and slope. Feeds on a wide range of bottom-living organisms, mainly crustaceans (copepods, amphipods, cumaceans), bivalve mollusks, and polychaetes (Ref. 3397).
Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3397)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van minder commercieel belang
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.1 - 18.8, mean 10.6 °C (based on 734 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00716 - 0.01011), b=3.05 (3.00 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.54-0.61; tm=3; tmax=13).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (24 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 170 [59, 359] mg/100g; Iron = 1.17 [0.49, 2.54] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [16.3, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.228 [0.113, 0.443] g/100g; Selenium = 31.5 [14.9, 70.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.7 [3.1, 50.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.821 [0.515, 1.252] mg/100g (wet weight);
