Entorno: milieu / zona climática / rango de profundidad / gama de distribución
Ecología
; agua dulce; salobre demersal; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: ? - 30; rango de profundidad ? - 1 m (Ref. 105091). Tropical; 21°C - 25°C (Ref. 2060); 33°N - 5°N, 64°E - 97°E
Asia: Pakistan and Sri Lanka to Myanmar. Introduced elsewhare.
Longitud en la primera madurez / Tamaño / Peso / Edad
Madurez: Lm ?, range 12 - ? cm
Max length : 41.2 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 125280); peso máximo publicado: 400.00 g (Ref. 125280)
Descripción breve
Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Adults found mainly in ponds, ditches, swamps and marshes, but sometimes occur in muddy rivers. Recorded as having been or being farmed in rice fields (Ref. 119549). Can tolerate slightly brackish water. Omnivorous. Breed in confined waters during the monsoon months, but can breed in ponds, derelict ponds and ditches when sufficient rain-water accumulates. Oviparous, distinct pairing possibly like other members of the same family (Ref. 205). In great demand due to its medicinal value. Venomous fish, from its pectoral spines (Ref. 94495).
Eggs are deposited in a depression usually excavated by both parents in mud, in shallow water. Parents guard the eggs and young until they can fend for themselves which lasts for about one month (Ref. 6028).
Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, i-xxii + 543-1158, 1 pl. (Ref. 4833)
Situación en la Lista Roja de la UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Amenaza para el ser humano
Traumatogenic (Ref. 4716)
Usos humanos
Pesquerías: muy comercial; Acuicultura: comercial; Acuario: Comercial
Herramientas
Informes especiales
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Fuentes de Internet
Estimaciones basadas en modelos
Índice de diversidad filogenética (Referencia
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00437 (0.00193 - 0.00988), b=3.09 (2.88 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nivel trófico (Referencia
69278): 3.6 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliencia (Referencia
120179): Medio, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 1.4-4.4 años (K=0.23; tm=1; Fec=4,200).
Vulnerabilidad pesquera (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
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Nutrientes (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 148 [78, 332] mg/100g; Iron = 1.86 [1.01, 3.31] mg/100g; Protein = 16.8 [15.3, 18.3] %; Omega3 = 0.144 [0.070, 0.301] g/100g; Selenium = 55.9 [27.3, 116.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.2 [6.2, 34.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.19 [0.78, 2.05] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.