分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Carangaria) >
Sphyraenidae (Barracudas)
金梭魚科 (Barracudas)
Etymology: Sphyraena: Greek, sphyraina, -es = the name of a fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 20 - 200 m (Ref. 28016), usually ? - 60 m (Ref. 90102). 熱帶; 27°N - 37°S, 29°E - 152°E
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea (Ref. 12541) south to the southeastern coast of South Africa and east to New Caledonia and Vanuatu. Recently reported from Tonga (Ref. 53797). Due to a widespread confusion with Sphyraena putnamae and Sphyraena qenie, the exact range is uncertain.
印度-西太平洋: 紅海 (參考文獻 12541) 南至南非的東南方海岸而且東至新加勒多尼亞與萬那度。 最近記錄自東加。 (參考文獻 53797) 由於一廣泛分佈與 Sphyraena putnamae 與 Sphyraena qenie 混淆, 精確的範圍不確定。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 150 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2871); common length : 120 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5450); 最大體重: 11.5 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (總數) : 6; 背的軟條 (總數) : 9; 臀棘: 2; 臀鰭軟條: 7 - 9. Body with dark bars crossing lateral line, each bar oblique in upper half, but nearly vertical in lower half; caudal fin largely yellowish.
身體有深色的橫帶橫越側線, 在上半部中的每個橫帶斜角, 但是幾乎垂直在下半部中; 尾鰭相當淡黃色。
Found near prominent current-swept lagoon or seaward reefs (Ref. 9710); also in bays, estuaries and turbid inner lagoons (Ref. 9768). Diurnal and solitary, although the young form schools. Feeds mainly on fishes but also takes squid. Sold fresh, frozen or dried salted. Reports of ciguatera poisoning need confirmation.
發現於靠近突出的水流沖刷的潟湖或臨海礁石了;(參考文獻 9710) 也在海灣, 河口與混濁的潟湖內部中.(參考文獻 9768) 日行性與獨居性, 雖然幼魚形成魚群。 主要吃魚也捕食烏賊。 生鮮販賣了, 冷凍或乾燥鹽醃。 有雪卡魚毒中毒的報導需要證實。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-西太平洋: 紅海 (參考文獻 12541) 南至南非的東南方海岸而且東至新加勒多尼亞與萬那度。 最近記錄自東加。 (參考文獻 53797) 由於一廣泛分佈與 Sphyraena putnamae 與 Sphyraena qenie 混淆, 精確的範圍不確定。
De Sylva, D.P. and F. Williams, 1986. Sphyraenidae. p. 721-726. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 5491)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 14 August 2023
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.6 - 28.5, mean 27.3 °C (based on 442 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00608 - 0.00863), b=2.92 (2.88 - 2.96), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 11.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (73 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 9.99 [4.90, 24.38] mg/100g; Iron = 0.237 [0.110, 0.480] mg/100g; Protein = 20.4 [18.5, 22.0] %; Omega3 = 0.0926 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 48.2 [21.0, 111.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 34.4 [8.7, 183.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.458 [0.304, 0.776] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
