分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Siluriformes (Catfishes) >
Loricariidae (Armored catfishes) > Hypostominae
Etymology: Pterygoplichthys: Greek, pterygion, diminutive of pteryx = wing, fin + Greek, hoplon = weapon + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
Issue
New combination in Günther (1864:238). Redescription in Weber (1992:9). Mitochondrial D-loop sequences used in a molecular phylogeny of Hypostomus and related genera by Montoya-Burgos and Weber (in press, fig 2; EMBL/GenBank AJ318361).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 居于水底的; pH range: 6.5 - 7.8; dH range: 4 - 20. 熱帶; 23°C - 27°C (Ref. 1672); 10°N - 1°N, 68°W - 61°W
South America: Orinoco River basin. Reported from Argentina (Ref. 9086). Introduced and have established in Taiwan, mainland USA and Hawaii (Refs. 5723, 44091, 58503).
南美洲: 奧里諾科河河流域。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 32.5, range 25 - 40 cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2059)
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Occurs in streams and lakes (Ref. 44091) and in weedy, mud-bottomed canals (Ref. 5723). Benthic (Ref. 58302). Nocturnal, feeds on algae (Ref. 13371), but will also feed on worms, insect larvae, and other bottom-dwelling aquatic animals (Ref. 44091). Spawning period peaks once a year (Ref. 56986). Reproductive behavior includes digging of burrows for egg laying (Ref. 82067). May exhibit male parental care (Ref. 56986).
出现于溪流与湖 (参考文献 44091) 与在杂草丛生又泥质底的管中.(参考文献 5723) 夜行的﹐吃藻类 (参考文献 13371), 但是也会吃蠕虫，昆虫幼生与其他的底栖水生的动物.(参考文献 44091) 每年一次产卵时期峰巅。 (参考文献 56986) 五月展现雄鱼亲代养育。 (参考文献 56986)
Parental care may be exhibited by males (Ref. 56986).南美洲: 奧里諾科河河流域。
Burgess, W.E., 1989. An atlas of freshwater and marine catfishes. A preliminary survey of the Siluriformes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey (USA). 784 p. (Ref. 6868)
人类利用
渔业: 没有兴趣; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02399 (0.01241 - 0.04636), b=2.90 (2.74 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.2 ±0.12 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=1; Fec = 1,983).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
