Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 18 - 100 m (Ref. 11441). Tropical; 40°N - 40°S, 16°E - 124°W
Indo-West Pacific (Ref. 4919). Lessepsian migrant to the Mediterranean Sea (Ref. 55043).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 43.3 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 110 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 125962); common length : 40.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5450); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 9.0 kg (Ref. 125962)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 10 - 13; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 8 - 12. Greenish with brown or black spots above; silver band from mouth to caudal fin; belly white; silver blotch in front of eye; pectoral base black (Ref. 4919).
Inhabits offshore reefs (Ref. 9563). Sandy bottom (Ref. 95646). Caught by trammel net (Ref. 96695). This species contains tetrodotoxin which may be a source for food poisoning and the Israel Poison Information center registered 13 cases in December 2008 where all were related to the consumption of this fish (Ref. 118670).
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
ancaman kepada manusia
Poisonous to eat (Ref. 559)
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: tidak ada kepentingan; Akuarium: Komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.6 - 28.6, mean 27.3 °C (based on 762 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.01094 - 0.01589), b=2.87 (2.82 - 2.92), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (tmax=7; tm=3; K=0.099-0.3;).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 18.1 [7.7, 40.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.452 [0.237, 0.911] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [16.7, 21.1] %; Omega3 = 0.128 [0.060, 0.249] g/100g; Selenium = 50.1 [26.9, 98.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 53.4 [20.0, 144.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.9 [0.6, 1.3] mg/100g (wet weight);
