Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển gần đáy; Mức độ sâu 5 - 770 m. Polar; 53°S - 65°S, 67°W - 4°E
Southern Ocean: in the vicinity of Bouvet Island, Scotia Sea, and northern part of the Antarctic Peninsula.
Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm 44.9  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 72.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 4883); common length : 50.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 2805); Khối lượng cực đại được công bố: 3.7 kg (Ref. 4883)
Adults feed mostly on fish and krill. Synchronous spawner (Ref. 50743). Larvae have a long pelagic phase (Ref. 71843). Utilized as a food fish (Ref. 4931).
There is only one generation of oocytes in the ovaries indicative of determinate fecundity (Ref. 50743). Mature females may spawn for the first time from around 6-8 years of age (Ref. 71843).
Hureau, J.-C., 1985. Channichthyidae. p. 261-277. In W. Fischer and J.C. Hureau (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Southern Ocean (Fishing areas 48, 58 and 88). Rome. Vol. 2. (Ref. 2805)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): -1.3 - 1.6, mean 0 °C (based on 42 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00091 (0.00077 - 0.00107), b=3.49 (3.44 - 3.54), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): Trung bình, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 1.4 - 4.4 năm (K=0.17-0.24; Fec = 7,358).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 24.2 [13.5, 53.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.45 [0.19, 0.91] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [15.2, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.23 [0.12, 0.43] g/100g; Selenium = 23.3 [9.2, 53.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.8 [2.2, 52.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.364 [0.235, 0.556] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.