Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
; zoet water; brak water demersaal. Temperate; 15°C - 30°C (Ref. 2059); 54°N - 39°N, 106°E - 141°E
Asia: Tugur (Sea of Okhotsk) and Amur southward to Yangtze and Fujian. In Amur, historically known from the middle and lower Amur (from Tygda Rive down to the estuary) with tributaries Zeya, Sungari, Ussuri and the Khanka Lake basin. Reported from Shilka in the upper Amur where it is introduced (Ref. 82587). Introduced in Europe (Ref. 59043). At least one country reports adverse ecological impact after introduction (Ref. 2058).
Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm 7.0, range 6 - 8 cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 2059); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 250.00 g (Ref. 80031); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 7 Jaren (Ref. 56557)
Korte beschrijving
Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 6 - 8; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 9 - 11; Anale stekels: 1 - 3; Anale zachte stralen: 7 - 10. Distinguished from other European freshwater species by the following characters: 2 dorsals with the first with 6-8 simple rays, and the second with 2-3 simple and 8-12 branched rays; no spines on first dorsal; no barbels; pelvics not fused into a disc; no lateral line canals; males during spawning period, develop a hump on nape and become black with bright green spots on body and unpaired fins (Ref. 59043).
Occurs in lentic waters, lakes, ponds, backwaters and marshes with dense underwater vegetation and avoids river stretches with fast and even slow current (Ref. 59043). Prefers stagnant rivers and bogs (Ref. 80031). Can tolerate poorly oxygenated water and able to survive in dried out or completely frozen water bodies by digging itself into mud where it hibernates. A voracious predatory fish (wide variety of invertebrates, tadpoles and fish) constituting a most serious threat to aquatic fauna wherever it occurs. In small water bodies; known to extirpate almost all other fish species and amphibian larvae. Spawns for the first time at 1-3 years and about 6.0 cm SL. Spawns several potions of eggs in May to June at 15-20°C. Elongated eggs (3.8 x 1.3 mm) with sticky filaments usually deposited in one row close to water surface on underwater structures such as roots, leaves and others. Males guard the eggs and pelagic larvae (Ref. 59043).
Spawns several portions of eggs (Ref. 59043).
Berg, L.S., 1965. Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volume 3, 4th edition. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem. (Russian version published 1949). (Ref. 2058)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Potential pest
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van minder commercieel belang; Aquarium: Potentieel
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00626 - 0.01833), b=3.09 (2.94 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.54 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 8.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
