Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
; Água doce bentopelágico; potamódromo (Ref. 51243). Subtropical; 24°S - 30°S
Africa: Orange-Vaal River system.
Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm 51.8, range 7 - ? cm
Max length : 82.5 cm FL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 7248); peso máx. publicado: 22.2 kg (Ref. 7248)
Is the largest scale-bearing indigenous fish species in southern Africa. Adults prefer flowing water in deep channels or below rapids, but the species does well in dams. Mainly a predator, initially taking insects and small crustaceans but piscivore above 30 cm FL. Breeds in mid-summer to late summer over gravel beds in running water. May live for 12 or more years (Ref. 7248). Imported for food in US and Canadian markets (Ref. 4537)
Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento
Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas
Lévêque, C. and J. Daget, 1984. Cyprinidae. p. 217-342. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 2801)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Aquacultura: experimental; peixe esportivo: sim
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Baixar XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00487 - 0.01708), b=3.06 (2.90 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.54 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 15.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Muito baixo(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população maior que 14 anos (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 60.1 [37.7, 105.4] mg/100g; Iron = 1.35 [0.85, 2.10] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [17.3, 19.1] %; Omega3 = 0.613 [0.265, 1.474] g/100g; Selenium = 30.7 [13.0, 75.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 60.4 [19.6, 206.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.978 [0.706, 1.381] mg/100g (wet weight);
