分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cypriniformes (Carps)
鯉形目 (Carps) >
Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps)
鯉科 (Minnows or carps) > Barbinae
Etymology:
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 底中水層性; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243). 溫帶
Europe and Asia: Southern and western Caspian Sea; Aral basin; River Chun (Kasakhstan). For spawning, migrates up to larger tributaries of western and southern coasts: Terek, Samur, Kura, lower Aras. Rarely in lower Volga (up to Volgograd) and Ural.
前蘇聯與亞洲: 鹹海與裡海的流域。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 60.0, range 50 - 70 cm
Max length : 90.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 1441); 105.0 cm TL (female); common length : 66.0 cm NG 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 1441); common length :62 cm (female); 最大體重: 22.0 kg (Ref. 4537)
Diagnosed from other species of Barbus and Luciobarbus in Caspian Se basin by having the following characters: predorsal length shorter than postdorsal length; dorsal fin usually with 7½ branched rays; 16-25 gill rakers; back between head and dorsal origin laterally compressed, forming a keel; lateral line with 62-90 (usually 65-77) scales; and lower lip thin, without median lobe or pad (Ref. 59043).
Found in rivers, reservoirs, lakes and canals (Ref. 11145). Occurs in the sea at depths of up to 25 m and in rivers in deep stretches with gravel or stone bottom. In freshened parts of sea, preys mainly on benthic crustaceans. Does not feed while migrating upstream and starts to feed again at the spawning sites mainly on insects, juveniles of other fishes, rarely on algae, seeds and other plant material. Spawns in fast-flowing water at areas with hard bottom and depths of 1-2 m (Ref. 59043).
發現於河，水庫，湖與管.。 (參考文獻 11145) 在海上，深度向上到 25 公尺。 產卵在位置的快速流動的水，有堅硬的底部, 1-2 公尺深。 卵是半大洋性的。 在海洋的使部份新鮮的中, 主要捕食底棲的甲殼動物。 當向上游移動的時候，不進食。 在產卵區，開始再一次覓食, 主要吃昆蟲，其他魚，很少在藻類上的稚魚，種子與其他的植物.(參考文獻 59043)
Eggs are semipelagic and hatch while drifting downstream after at least 2 days at 25°C. Larvae settle into places with slow current; after 2-12 months juveniles drift downstream to sea or reservoir if river is dammed (Ref. 59043).前蘇聯與亞洲: 鹹海與裡海的流域。
Fricke, R., M. Bilecenoglu and H.M. Sari, 2007. Annotated checklist of fish and lamprey species (Gnathostoma and Petromyzontomorphi) of Turkey, including a Red List of threatened and declining species. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturk. Sea A (706):1-172. (Ref. 58342)
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00506 - 0.02166), b=3.00 (2.83 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.12).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (63 of 100).
