Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; مياه مخلوطة القاع; نطاق العمق 1 - 50 m. Tropical; 30°N - 6°N, 49°E - 80°E
Western Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf and coasts of India.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 83.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 3627); common length : 20.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 3507)
Adults occur in shallow coastal waters to moderate depths. Carnivorous. Sold fresh in markets.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
All populations matured as males during the first or second year (Ref. 52206).
Bauchot, M.-L. and M.M. Smith, 1984. Sparidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). volume 4. [var. pag.] FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3507)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.4 - 27.9, mean 26.8 °C (based on 130 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.00903 - 0.02210), b=3.03 (2.90 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
المرونه (Ref.
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (tmax=11; K=0.28-0.38).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (87 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 132 [81, 242] mg/100g; Iron = 1.18 [0.68, 2.04] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [18.5, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.259 [0.159, 0.446] g/100g; Selenium = 52.5 [27.3, 96.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.5 [4.5, 30.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.16 [0.83, 1.59] mg/100g (wet weight);
