Issue
The species Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822) is considered as valid in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. May 2011: Ref. 86870) following Menon (1999: Ref. 41236). Please send references, or more studies are needed.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
; Água doce; estuarina bentopelágico; potamódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 5 - ? m (Ref. 4832). Tropical; 28°N - 7°N
Asia: native to large rivers in the Indian subcontinent (Ref. 12693). Has been so widely transported in connection to aquaculture that its natural distribution can no longer be determined (Ref. 33488).
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 33488); common length : 40.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 6028); peso máx. publicado: 12.7 kg (Ref. 4832)
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 0; Raios dorsais (total) : 12 - 15; Vértebras: 39. Body plain greyish; 12-15 branched dorsal rays (Ref. 43281).
Adults inhabit fast flowing streams and rivers (Ref. 41236). Can tolerate high levels of salinity. Juveniles are omnivorous to about 5 cm TL, adults are almost entirely herbivorous. Feed on plankton, but also grazes on algae. Spawning occurs in marginal areas of the water body with a depth of 50-100 cm over a sand or clay substrate. A 6 kg female can lay a million eggs (of 1 mm diameter) (Ref. 6028). Widely cultured in India but fails to breed naturally in ponds, thus induced breeding is done. Fishery harvests 40 cm fish weighing 1000 g and of about 3 years. A very active fish that thrives in ponds but spawns in swift rivers. Fingerlings are in great demand for stocking ponds between July and November (Ref. 4832).
Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento
Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas
Roberts, T.R., 1997. Systematic revision of the tropical Asian labeon cyprinid fish genus Cirrhinus, with descriptions of new species and biological observations on C. lobatus. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 45:171-203. (Ref. 33488)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: altamente comercial; Aquacultura: espécies comerciais; peixe esportivo: sim
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Baixar XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00727 - 0.01044), b=3.02 (2.97 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 2.4 ±0.17 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 13.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): médio(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.12-0.29).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 178 [83, 324] mg/100g; Iron = 1.02 [0.51, 1.94] mg/100g; Protein = 17 [16, 18] %; Omega3 = 0.206 [0.101, 0.426] g/100g; Selenium = 152 [64, 361] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.1 [4.8, 27.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.745 [0.373, 1.266] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
